Marchant Gonzalo, Bonaiuto Flavia, Bonaiuto Marino, Guillet Descas Emma
Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport, UFR STAPS, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Faculty of Economics, Universitas Mercatorum, Rome, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2021 Feb 22;12:618362. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618362. eCollection 2021.
The aims of this research were (1) to compare the levels of physical activity of eHealth users and non-users, (2) to determine the effects of these technologies on motivations, and (3) to establish the relationship that could exist between psychological constructs and physical activity behaviors.
This cross-sectional study involved 569 adults who responded to an online questionnaire during confinement in France. The questions assessed demographics, usage of eHealth for exercise and physical activity, and behavioral levels. The questionnaire also measured the constructs of Social Cognitive Theory, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and automaticity facets toward eHealth for exercise and physical activity.
Participants who were users of eHealth for exercise and physical activity presented significantly higher levels of vigorous physical activity and total physical activity per week than non-users ( < 0.001). The chi-square test showed significant interactions between psychological constructs toward eHealth (i.e., self-efficacy, behavioral attitudes, intentions, and automaticity) and physical activity levels (all interactions were < 0.05). Self-efficacy was significantly and negatively correlated with walking time per week. Concerning the automaticity facets, efficiency was positive and significantly correlated with vigorous physical activity levels per week ( < 0.05). Then, regressions analyses showed that self-efficacy and automaticity efficiency explained 5% of the variance of walking minutes per week (ß = -0.27, < 0.01) and vigorous physical activity per week (ß = 0.20, < 0.05), respectively.
This study has shown that people during confinement looked for ways to stay active through eHealth. However, we must put any technological solution into perspective. The eHealth offers possibilities to stay active, however its benefits and the psychological mechanisms affected by it remains to be demonstrated: eHealth could be adapted to each person and context.
本研究的目的是：（1）比较电子健康用户和非用户的身体活动水平；（2）确定这些技术对动机的影响；（3）建立心理结构与身体活动行为之间可能存在的关系。
这项横断面研究涉及569名在法国居家隔离期间回复在线问卷的成年人。问题评估了人口统计学特征、电子健康在运动和身体活动方面的使用情况以及行为水平。问卷还测量了社会认知理论、计划行为理论以及对电子健康用于运动和身体活动的自动化方面的结构。
在运动和身体活动方面使用电子健康的参与者每周的剧烈身体活动和总身体活动水平显著高于非用户（<0.001）。卡方检验显示，对电子健康的心理结构（即自我效能感、行为态度、意图和自动化）与身体活动水平之间存在显著交互作用（所有交互作用均<0.05）。自我效能感与每周步行时间呈显著负相关。关于自动化方面，效率呈正向且与每周剧烈身体活动水平显著相关（<0.05）。然后，回归分析表明，自我效能感和自动化效率分别解释了每周步行分钟数方差的5%（β=-0.27，<0.01）和每周剧烈身体活动方差的5%（β=0.20，<0.05）。
本研究表明，在居家隔离期间，人们通过电子健康寻找保持活跃的方法。然而，我们必须正确看待任何技术解决方案。电子健康提供了保持活跃的可能性，但其益处以及受其影响的心理机制仍有待证明：电子健康可以根据每个人和具体情况进行调整。
