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在时间、社会、空间和概率等领域,即时自我信息优先于扩展自我信息。

Immediate self-information is prioritized over expanded self-information across temporal, social, spatial, and probability domains.

机构信息

Department of Applied Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2021 Sep;74(9):1615-1630. doi: 10.1177/17470218211004208. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Abstract

People construct self-representation beyond the experiential self and the self-concept can expand to interpersonal as well as intrapersonal dimensions. The cognitive ability to project oneself onto expanded selves in different time points and places plays a crucial role in planning and decision-making situations. However, no research to date has shown evidence explaining the early mechanism of how processing the experiential self-information differs from processing the expanded self-information across temporal, social, spatial, and probability domains. We report novel effects showing a systematic information prioritization toward the experiential selves (i.e., the self that is now, here, and with highest certainty) compared to the expanded selves (i.e., the self that is in the future, at a distant location, and with lower certainty; Experiments 1a, 2, and 3). Implicit prioritization biases lasted over time (Experiment 1b; i.e., 4 months) indicating a trait-like more than a state-like measure of individual differences. Different biases, however, did not consistently correlate with each other (Experiments 1a to 3) suggesting separate underlying mechanisms. We discuss potential links to the basic structure of self-representation and individual differences for implications.

摘要

人们在经验自我和自我概念之外构建自我表现,自我概念可以扩展到人际关系和个人内部。将自己投射到不同时间点和地点的扩展自我上的认知能力在规划和决策情境中起着至关重要的作用。然而,迄今为止,没有研究表明证据可以解释处理经验自我信息的早期机制与处理跨时间、社会、空间和概率域的扩展自我信息的早期机制有何不同。我们报告了新的影响,表明与扩展自我(即未来、在远处、确定性较低的自我)相比,系统地优先处理经验自我(即现在、此处、确定性最高的自我)的信息(实验 1a、2 和 3)。隐性优先处理偏见会随着时间的推移而持续(实验 1b;即 4 个月),这表明这是一种个体差异的特征性指标,而不是状态性指标。然而,不同的偏见并不总是相互关联(实验 1a 到 3),这表明存在不同的潜在机制。我们讨论了与自我表现的基本结构和个体差异的潜在联系及其影响。

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