Li Xia, Xia Wei-Yi, Jiang Fang, Liu Dan-Yong, Lei Shao-Qing, Xia Zheng-Yuan, Wu Qing-Ping
Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China.
Poznan University of Medical Science, Poznan 60-781, Poland.
World J Clin Cases. 2021 Mar 6;9(7):1499-1512. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i7.1499.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which has lasted for nearly a year, has made people deeply aware of the strong transmissibility and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 since its outbreak in December 2019. By December 2020, SARS-CoV-2 had infected over 65 million people globally, resulting in more than 1 million deaths. At present, the exact animal origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear and antiviral vaccines are now undergoing clinical trials. Although the social order of human life is gradually returning to normal, new confirmed cases continue to appear worldwide, and the majority of cases are sporadic due to environmental factors and lax self-protective consciousness. This article provides the latest understanding of the epidemiology and risk factors of nosocomial and community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, as well as strategies to diminish the risk of transmission. We believe that our review will help the public correctly understand and cope with SARS-CoV-2.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行已持续近一年，自2019年12月爆发以来，人们深刻意识到SARS-CoV-2具有很强的传播性和致病性。截至2020年12月，SARS-CoV-2在全球已感染超过6500万人，导致100多万人死亡。目前，SARS-CoV-2的确切动物起源仍不清楚，抗病毒疫苗正在进行临床试验。尽管人类生活的社会秩序正逐渐恢复正常，但全球仍不断出现新确诊病例，且大多数病例因环境因素和自我保护意识淡薄而呈散发性。本文提供了对SARS-CoV-2医院内传播和社区传播的流行病学及危险因素的最新认识，以及降低传播风险的策略。我们相信，我们的综述将有助于公众正确理解和应对SARS-CoV-2。
