Perry Kristin J, Ostrov Jamie M, Shisler Shannon, Eiden Rina D, Nickerson Amanda B, Godleski Stephanie A, Schuetze Pamela
University at Buffalo, State University of New York.
Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions and Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York.
J Fam Violence. 2021 Jan;36(1):75-86. doi: 10.1007/s10896-019-00109-4. Epub 2020 Jan 6.
The current study examined how early childhood (EC) family violence and risk (i.e., maternal aggression, sibling aggression, environmental risk) predicted early adolescent (EA) reactive physical and relational aggression and violence victimization through middle childhood (MC) parenting (i.e., guilt induction, power assertive discipline).
Mother-infant dyads ( = 216; 72% African American) were recruited as part of a larger longitudinal study on prenatal cocaine and other substance exposure. Observations, interviews, and maternal and child self-report measures were collected from dyads in early childhood (1 to 36 months), middle childhood (84 months), and early adolescence (12 to 15 years).
A cascading path model was specified where current variables were regressed on variables from the preceding time point. Primary results showed that environmental risk and EC child physical aggression predicted higher levels of MC caregiver power assertive discipline, which subsequently predicted lower levels of EA reactive relational aggression. Maternal substance use in pregnancy and the child's continuous placement with biological caregivers predicted higher levels of reactive physical aggression in EA. Finally, MC physical aggression and EA reactive relational aggression predicted higher levels of EA violence victimization.
There were a series of direct paths from early childhood family violence and demographic factors to reactive aggression and violence victimization. The current study underscores the importance of evaluating multiple facets of family violence and risk when evaluating aggressive behavior and victimization.
本研究探讨了幼儿期（EC）家庭暴力和风险（即母亲攻击行为、兄弟姐妹攻击行为、环境风险）如何通过童年中期（MC）养育方式（即内疚诱导、强制纪律）预测青少年早期（EA）的反应性身体攻击和关系攻击以及暴力受害情况。
作为一项关于产前可卡因和其他物质暴露的大型纵向研究的一部分，招募了母婴二元组（n = 216；72%为非裔美国人）。从幼儿期（1至36个月）、童年中期（84个月）和青少年早期（12至15岁）的二元组中收集观察、访谈以及母婴自我报告测量数据。
建立了一个级联路径模型，其中当前变量以前一个时间点的变量为基础进行回归分析。主要结果表明，环境风险和幼儿期儿童身体攻击行为预示着童年中期照顾者更高水平的强制纪律，这随后预示着青少年早期反应性关系攻击行为的较低水平。孕期母亲使用物质以及儿童与亲生照顾者的持续安置预示着青少年早期更高水平的反应性身体攻击行为。最后，童年中期身体攻击行为和青少年早期反应性关系攻击行为预示着青少年早期暴力受害的更高水平。
从幼儿期家庭暴力和人口统计学因素到反应性攻击和暴力受害存在一系列直接路径。本研究强调了在评估攻击行为和受害情况时评估家庭暴力和风险多个方面的重要性。
