Salihoğlu Rana, Önal-Süzek Tuğba
Bioinformatics Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
Front Genet. 2021 Mar 4;12:585556. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.585556. eCollection 2021.
In recent years, a substantial number of tissue microbiome studies have been published, mainly due to the recent improvements in the minimization of microbial contamination during whole transcriptome analysis. Another reason for this trend is due to the capability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect microbiome composition even in low biomass samples. Several recent studies demonstrate a significant role for the tissue microbiome in the development and progression of cancer and other diseases. For example, the increase of the abundance of in tumor tissues of the breast has been revealed by gene expression analysis. The link between human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer has been known for some time, but the relationship between the microbiome and breast cancer (BC) is more novel. There are also recent attempts to investigate the possible link between the brain microbiome and the cognitive dysfunction caused by neurological diseases. Such studies pointing to the role of the brain microbiome in Huntington's disease (HD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggest that microbial colonization is a risk factor. In this review, we aim to summarize the studies that associate the tissue microbiome, rather than gut microbiome, with cancer and other diseases using whole-transcriptome analysis, along with 16S rRNA analysis. After providing several case studies for each relationship, we will discuss the potential role of transcriptome analysis on the broader portrayal of the pathophysiology of the breast, brain, and vaginal microbiome.
近年来，大量的组织微生物组研究得以发表，这主要归功于全转录组分析过程中微生物污染最小化技术的最新进展。这一趋势的另一个原因是下一代测序（NGS）技术即使在低生物量样本中也能检测微生物组组成的能力。最近的几项研究表明，组织微生物组在癌症和其他疾病的发生发展过程中发挥着重要作用。例如，基因表达分析揭示了乳腺癌肿瘤组织中[具体微生物名称未给出]丰度的增加。人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈癌之间的联系已为人所知有一段时间了，但微生物组与乳腺癌（BC）之间的关系则更为新颖。最近也有人尝试研究脑微生物组与神经疾病引起的认知功能障碍之间的可能联系。此类指向脑微生物组在亨廷顿舞蹈病（HD）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）中作用的研究表明，微生物定植是一个风险因素。在本综述中，我们旨在总结那些通过全转录组分析以及16S rRNA分析，将组织微生物组而非肠道微生物组与癌症和其他疾病相关联的研究。在为每种关系提供几个案例研究之后，我们将讨论转录组分析在更全面描绘乳腺、脑和阴道微生物组病理生理学方面的潜在作用。
