Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, SE-114 86, PO Box 5626, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, SE-114 86, PO Box 5626, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sports Med. 2021 May;51(5):991-1010. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01426-9. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
The effect of concurrent training on the development of maximal strength is unclear, especially in individuals with different training statuses.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis study was to compare the effect of concurrent resistance and endurance training with that of resistance training only on the development of maximal dynamic strength in untrained, moderately trained, and trained individuals.
On the basis of the predetermined criteria, 27 studies that compared effects between concurrent and resistance training only on lower-body 1-repetition maximum (1RM) strength were included. The effect size (ES), calculated as the standardised difference in mean, was extracted from each study, pooled, and analysed with a random-effects model.
The 1RM for leg press and squat exercises was negatively affected by concurrent training in trained individuals (ES = - 0.35, p < 0.01), but not in moderately trained ( - 0.20, p = 0.08) or untrained individuals (ES = 0.03, p = 0.87) as compared to resistance training only. A subgroup analysis revealed that the negative effect observed in trained individuals occurred only when resistance and endurance training were conducted within the same training session (ES same session = - 0.66, p < 0.01 vs. ES different sessions = - 0.10, p = 0.55).
This study demonstrated the novel and quantifiable effects of training status on lower-body strength development and shows that the addition of endurance training to a resistance training programme may have a negative impact on lower-body strength development in trained, but not in moderately trained or untrained individuals. This impairment seems to be more pronounced when training is performed within the same session than in different sessions. Trained individuals should therefore consider separating endurance from resistance training during periods where the development of dynamic maximal strength is prioritised.
目前尚不清楚抗阻与耐力联合训练对最大力量发展的影响，尤其是在不同训练状态的人群中。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在比较抗阻与耐力联合训练和单纯抗阻训练对未训练者、中训练者和高训练者下肢 1 次重复最大力量（1RM）发展的影响。
根据预定标准，纳入 27 项比较联合训练与单纯抗阻训练对下肢 1RM 力量影响的研究。从每项研究中提取效应量（ES），以均值的标准化差值表示，采用随机效应模型进行合并和分析。
与单纯抗阻训练相比，在高训练者中，腿举和深蹲练习的 1RM 受到联合训练的负面影响（ES = -0.35，p < 0.01），但在中训练者（ES = -0.20，p = 0.08）或未训练者中（ES = 0.03，p = 0.87）并非如此。亚组分析显示，在高训练者中观察到的负面影响仅在抗阻和耐力训练在同一训练课中进行时才出现（ES 同一训练课 = -0.66，p < 0.01 比 ES 不同训练课 = -0.10，p = 0.55）。
本研究证明了训练状态对下肢力量发展的可量化的影响，表明在抗阻训练方案中加入耐力训练可能对高训练者的下肢力量发展产生负面影响，但对中训练者或未训练者没有影响。当训练在同一训练课中进行时，这种损害似乎比在不同训练课中进行时更为明显。因此，高训练者应考虑在优先发展动态最大力量的时期将耐力训练与抗阻训练分开。
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