MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Mar 26;70(12):442-448. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7012e3.
School closures affected more than 55 million students across the United States when implemented as a strategy to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 (1). Reopening schools requires balancing the risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection to students and staff members against the benefits of in-person learning (2). During December 3, 2020-January 31, 2021, CDC investigated SARS-CoV-2 transmission in 20 elementary schools (kindergarten through grade 6) that had reopened in Salt Lake County, Utah. The 7-day cumulative number of new COVID-19 cases in Salt Lake County during this time ranged from 290 to 670 cases per 100,000 persons. Susceptible school contacts (students and staff members exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in school) of 51 index patients** (40 students and 11 staff members) were offered SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing. Among 1,041 susceptible school contacts, 735 (70.6%) were tested, and five of 12 cases identified were classified as school-associated; the secondary attack rate among tested susceptible school contacts was 0.7%. Mask use among students was high (86%), and the median distance between students' seats in classrooms was 3 ft. Despite high community incidence and an inability to maintain ≥6 ft of distance between students at all times, SARS-CoV-2 transmission was low in these elementary schools. The results from this investigation add to the increasing evidence that in-person learning can be achieved with minimal SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk when multiple measures to prevent transmission are implemented (3,4).
当作为预防 SARS-CoV-2 传播的策略实施时,美国有超过 5500 万学生受到学校关闭的影响,SARS-CoV-2 是导致 COVID-19 的病毒。重新开放学校需要平衡 SARS-CoV-2 感染学生和教职员工的风险与面对面学习的好处(2)。2020 年 12 月 3 日至 2021 年 1 月 31 日,CDC 在犹他州盐湖县重新开放的 20 所小学(幼儿园至 6 年级)调查了 SARS-CoV-2 的传播情况。在此期间,盐湖县每 10 万人中 COVID-19 新病例的 7 天累计数为 290 至 670 例。51 名索引患者(40 名学生和 11 名教职员工)的易感学校接触者(在学校接触 SARS-CoV-2 的学生和教职员工)被提供 SARS-CoV-2 逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测。在 1041 名易感学校接触者中,有 735 名(70.6%)接受了检测,12 例确诊病例中有 5 例被归类为学校相关;在接受检测的易感学校接触者中,二次攻击率为 0.7%。学生口罩使用率高(86%),教室中学生座位之间的中位数距离为 3 英尺。尽管社区发病率很高,而且不能始终保持学生之间至少 6 英尺的距离,但在这些小学中,SARS-CoV-2 的传播率很低。这项调查的结果增加了越来越多的证据,即在实施多种预防传播措施的情况下,面对面学习可以实现最小的 SARS-CoV-2 传播风险(3,4)。