Onuki Yutaro, Honda Hidehito, Ueda Kazuhiro
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 12;12:602372. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.602372. eCollection 2021.
The anchoring effect is a form of cognitive bias in which exposure to some piece of information affects its subsequent numerical estimation. Previous studies have discussed which stimuli, such as numbers or semantic priming stimuli, are most likely to induce anchoring effects. However, it has not been determined whether anchoring effects will occur when a number is presented alone or when the semantic priming stimuli have an equivalent dimension between a target and the stimuli without a number. We conducted five experimental studies ( = 493) using stimuli to induce anchoring effects. We found that anchoring effects did not occur when a number was presented alone or when phrases to induce semantic priming were used without presenting a number. These results indicate that both numerical and semantic priming stimuli must be presented for anchoring effects to occur. Our findings represent a substantial contribution to the literature on anchoring effects by offering insights into how these effects are generated.
锚定效应是一种认知偏差形式，其中接触某些信息会影响其随后的数值估计。先前的研究讨论了哪些刺激，如数或语义启动刺激，最有可能诱发锚定效应。然而，尚未确定当单独呈现一个数字时，或者当语义启动刺激在目标与无数字刺激之间具有等效维度时，是否会发生锚定效应。我们使用刺激进行了五项实验研究（N = 493）以诱发锚定效应。我们发现，当单独呈现一个数字时，或者当使用诱导语义启动的短语而不呈现数字时，不会发生锚定效应。这些结果表明，数值和语义启动刺激都必须呈现才能产生锚定效应。我们的研究结果通过深入了解这些效应是如何产生的，为锚定效应的文献做出了重大贡献。
