Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 15;12:627395. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.627395. eCollection 2021.
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a member of the TGF- superfamily that has anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between circulating GDF-15 levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
MATERIALS/METHODS: A case-control study was performed in which 402 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Of these, 171 patients had DR and the remaining 231 patients without DR acted as controls. The plasma GDF-15 levels were measured using ELISA, while DR was diagnosed using the canon ophthalmic digital imaging system and the Canon EOS 10D digital camera (Canon, Tokyo, Japan) through a non-pharmacologically dilated pupil.
The levels of GDF-15 were significantly higher in patients with DR [168.9 (112.9-228.3) pg/ml . 127.8 (96.1-202.8) pg/ml, P < 0.001] compared to controls. Results of the Spearman correlation analysis showed that the GDF-15 levels were positively associated with the duration of diabetes morbidity, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, albumin/creatinine ratio, creatinine, and liver enzymes, but negatively associated with eGFR (both P < 0.001). The participants in the highest GDF-15 quartile had a significantly increased risk for DR (OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.53-3.02) after adjusting for potential cofounders.
The circulating GDF-15 levels are positively associated with DR independent of potential cofounders.
生长分化因子 15（GDF-15）是 TGF-β超家族的一员，具有抗炎特性。本研究旨在评估 2 型糖尿病患者循环 GDF-15 水平与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的关系。
材料/方法：本病例对照研究纳入了 402 例 2 型糖尿病患者。其中 171 例患者患有 DR，其余 231 例无 DR 的患者作为对照组。采用 ELISA 法检测血浆 GDF-15 水平，通过非药物扩瞳后的佳能眼科数字成像系统和佳能 EOS 10D 数码相机诊断 DR。
DR 患者的 GDF-15 水平显著高于对照组[168.9（112.9-228.3）pg/ml比 127.8（96.1-202.8）pg/ml，P<0.001]。Spearman 相关分析结果显示，GDF-15 水平与糖尿病病程、空腹血糖、收缩压、白蛋白/肌酐比值、肌酐和肝酶呈正相关，与 eGFR 呈负相关（均 P<0.001）。在校正了潜在混杂因素后，GDF-15 水平最高四分位数的参与者发生 DR 的风险显著增加（OR=2.15，95%CI 1.53-3.02）。
循环 GDF-15 水平与 DR 独立相关，与潜在混杂因素无关。
