SFA Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, No. 8 Futong Dongdajie, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, China.
Molecules. 2021 Mar 2;26(5):1318. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051318.
Interest in finding plant-based herbicides to supplement synthesized herbicides is increasing. Although the extract of Gaertn has been reported to have herbicidal activity, little is known about phytotoxic substances and their efficacy of weed control in the field. To identify phytotoxic substances, the bioassay-guided fractionation by column chromatography and high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was carried out. The phytotoxic activity assay, performed by the agar medium method, showed that the 70% ethanol fraction exhibited strong root growth inhibition against with an 50% inhibitory concentration (IC) value of 35.13 mg/L. An active compound was isolated from the 70% ethanol fraction and identified as hederagenin 3---D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-l-arabinopyranoside (Compound A). Compound A had an IC value of 16.64 mg/L. Finally, a new formulation was prepared based on the 70% ethanol fraction, which exhibited good efficacy against broadleaf weeds in a carrot field. The fresh weight control efficacy was 78.7% by 45 days after treatment at the dose of 1500 g a. i./ha. Hence, the extract of pulp could be a promising supplement to the synthesized herbicides. Furthermore, compound A from may be responsible for its phytotoxic activity.
人们越来越感兴趣地寻找植物性除草剂来补充合成除草剂。虽然 Gaertn 的提取物已被报道具有除草活性，但对于其在田间的除草活性物质及其功效知之甚少。为了鉴定除草活性物质，进行了柱层析和高速逆流色谱（HSCCC）的生物测定指导的分段。通过琼脂培养基法进行的除草活性测定表明，70%乙醇部分对 具有很强的根生长抑制作用，其 50%抑制浓度（IC）值为 35.13 mg/L。从 70%乙醇部分中分离出一种活性化合物，并鉴定为常春藤皂苷 3---D-吡喃木糖基-(1→3)-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷（化合物 A）。化合物 A 的 IC 值为 16.64 mg/L。最后，根据 70%乙醇部分制备了一种新制剂，在 1500 g a. i./ha 的剂量下，对胡萝卜田阔叶杂草表现出良好的防治效果。处理后 45 天，鲜重防治效果为 78.7%。因此， pulp 的提取物可以成为合成除草剂的有前途的补充剂。此外，可能是来自的化合物 A 负责其除草活性。
