Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
Mar Drugs. 2021 Mar 24;19(4):178. doi: 10.3390/md19040178.
In the recent decades, algae have proven to be a source of different bioactive compounds with biological activities, which has increased the potential application of these organisms in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, animal feed, and other industrial sectors. On the other hand, there is a growing interest in developing effective strategies for control and/or eradication of invasive algae since they have a negative impact on marine ecosystems and in the economy of the affected zones. However, the application of control measures is usually time and resource-consuming and not profitable. Considering this context, the valorization of invasive algae species as a source of bioactive compounds for industrial applications could be a suitable strategy to reduce their population, obtaining both environmental and economic benefits. To carry out this practice, it is necessary to evaluate the chemical and the nutritional composition of the algae as well as the most efficient methods of extracting the compounds of interest. In the case of northwest Spain, five algae species are considered invasive: , , , , and . This review presents a brief description of their main bioactive compounds, biological activities, and extraction systems employed for their recovery. In addition, evidence of their beneficial properties and the possibility of use them as supplement in diets of aquaculture animals was collected to illustrate one of their possible applications.
在最近几十年，藻类已被证明是具有生物活性的不同生物活性化合物的来源，这增加了这些生物在食品、化妆品、制药、动物饲料和其他工业领域的潜在应用。另一方面，人们越来越感兴趣的是开发有效的控制和/或根除入侵藻类的策略，因为它们对海洋生态系统和受影响地区的经济有负面影响。然而，控制措施的应用通常既费时又费资源，而且没有利润。考虑到这一背景，将入侵藻类物种作为工业应用的生物活性化合物的来源进行增值，可能是减少其种群的一种合适策略，既能带来环境效益，又能带来经济效益。为了进行这种实践，有必要评估藻类的化学和营养成分，以及提取感兴趣化合物的最有效方法。在西班牙西北部，有五种被认为是入侵性的藻类：绿球藻、角叉菜、石莼、红毛菜和浒苔。这篇综述简要描述了它们的主要生物活性化合物、生物活性和用于回收它们的提取系统。此外，还收集了它们有益特性的证据，并探讨了将它们用作水产养殖动物饲料添加剂的可能性，以说明它们的一种可能应用。
