Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos, Torres-Ronda Lorena
Applied Biomechanics and Sports Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia.
Sports (Basel). 2021 Mar 30;9(4):47. doi: 10.3390/sports9040047.
While velocity-based training is currently a very popular paradigm to designing and monitoring resistance training programs, its implementation remains a challenge in team sports, where there are still some confusion and misinterpretations of its applications. In addition, in contexts with large squads, it is paramount to understand how to best use movement velocity in different exercises in a useful and time-efficient way. This manuscript aims to provide clarifications on the velocity-based training paradigm, movement velocity tracking technologies, assessment procedures and practical recommendations for its application during resistance training sessions, with the purpose of increasing performance, managing fatigue and preventing injuries. Guidelines to combine velocity metrics with subjective scales to prescribe training loads are presented, as well as methods to estimate 1-Repetition Maximum (1RM) on a daily basis using individual load-velocity profiles. Additionally, monitoring strategies to detect and evaluate changes in performance over time are discussed. Finally, limitations regarding the use of velocity of execution tracking devices and metrics such as "muscle power" are commented upon.
虽然基于速度的训练目前是设计和监测阻力训练计划的一种非常流行的模式，但其在团队运动中的实施仍然是一项挑战，因为在团队运动中，对其应用仍存在一些困惑和误解。此外，在队员众多的情况下，至关重要的是要了解如何以有效且省时的方式在不同练习中最佳地利用运动速度。本手稿旨在对基于速度的训练模式、运动速度跟踪技术、评估程序以及在阻力训练课程中应用该模式的实用建议进行阐释，目的是提高运动表现、管理疲劳和预防损伤。文中介绍了将速度指标与主观量表相结合以规定训练负荷的指南，以及使用个体负荷 - 速度曲线每日估算1次重复最大值（1RM）的方法。此外，还讨论了检测和评估随时间变化的运动表现的监测策略。最后，对使用执行速度跟踪设备和诸如“肌肉力量”等指标的局限性进行了评论。
