Gea Francisco J, Navarro María J, Santos Milagrosa, Diánez Fernando, Carrasco Jaime
Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón, Quintanar del Rey, 16220 Cuenca, Spain.
Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
Microorganisms. 2021 Mar 12;9(3):585. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030585.
Mycoparasites cause heavy losses in commercial mushroom farms worldwide. The negative impact of fungal diseases such as dry bubble (), cobweb ( spp.), wet bubble (), and green mold ( spp.) constrains yield and harvest quality while reducing the cropping surface or damaging basidiomes. Currently, in order to fight fungal diseases, preventive measurements consist of applying intensive cleaning during cropping and by the end of the crop cycle, together with the application of selective active substances with proved fungicidal action. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the redundant application of the same fungicides has been conducted to the occurrence of resistant strains, hence, reviewing reported evidence of resistance occurrence and introducing unconventional treatments is worthy to pave the way towards the design of integrated disease management (IDM) programs. This work reviews aspects concerning chemical control, reduced sensitivity to fungicides, and additional control methods, including genomic resources for data mining, to cope with mycoparasites in the mushroom industry.
在全球范围内，菌寄生生物给商业蘑菇农场造成了巨大损失。诸如干泡病（）、蛛网病（ spp.）、湿泡病（）和绿霉病（ spp.）等真菌病害的负面影响限制了产量和收获质量，同时减少了种植面积或损害了子实体。目前，为了对抗真菌病害，预防措施包括在种植期间和作物周期结束时进行强化清洁，以及使用具有已证实杀菌作用的选择性活性物质。尽管如此，由于对相同杀菌剂的重复使用，已经出现了抗性菌株，因此，回顾已报道的抗性发生证据并引入非常规处理方法，对于为综合病害管理（IDM）计划的设计铺平道路是值得的。这项工作回顾了有关化学防治、对杀菌剂敏感性降低以及其他防治方法的方面，包括用于数据挖掘的基因组资源，以应对蘑菇产业中的菌寄生生物。
