Dos Santos Claudijane Ramos, Amendoeira Maria Regina Reis, Dib Laís Verdan, Corrêa Laís Lisboa, da Silva Barbosa Alynne
Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Faculty of Medicine of Campos (FMC), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2025 Apr 25;29:e00424. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2025.e00424. eCollection 2025 May.
Humans can become infected with different parasites, including intestinal protozoa that can cause diarrhea, dysentery, or even death. These parasites affect mainly individuals living in situations of low socioeconomic conditions, an economic and social context found in most cities in the Amazon interior. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of sp., with an emphasis on , in patients treated at the Municipal Laboratory of Oriximiná, a city located in the Amazon interior. In 2019, 294 fecal samples were obtained from people treated at the city's laboratory. All samples that showed cysts via microscopic parasitological techniques or that were positive by immunodiagnosis to / complex were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify positivity for , , and . When the 81 fecal samples considered positive for were subjected to PCR, DNA amplification was observed in 37/81 (45.7 %) samples. was the most diagnosed species in 31/81 (38.3 %), and was detected in 22/81 (27.2 %). All reactions performed for were negative. The mixed molecular diagnosis of both and was confirmed in 16 (19.8 %) fecal samples. Analysis of risk factors revealed that diarrhea was significantly associated with infection by sp. and that the consumption of vegetables produced at home was associated with infection by the complex ( ≤ 0.05). Most of the PCR-positive samples were obtained from residents of neighborhoods from the outskirts of the city, which has the city's lowest socioeconomic indices. The results obtained in this study highlight the precariousness of basic sanitation in these cities, since the detected pathogens, including the pathogenic species , are transmitted mainly through contaminated water and food. Notably, this is the first study to confirm via molecular diagnosis the circulation of in cities in the Amazon interior of Brazil.
人类可能会感染不同的寄生虫，包括可导致腹泻、痢疾甚至死亡的肠道原生动物。这些寄生虫主要影响生活在社会经济条件较差环境中的个体，这种经济和社会环境在亚马逊内陆的大多数城市都存在。本研究的主要目的是评估在位于亚马逊内陆的奥里希米纳市市立实验室接受治疗的患者中， 种（重点是 ）的感染频率。2019年，从该市实验室接受治疗的人员中获取了294份粪便样本。所有通过显微镜寄生虫学技术显示有 囊肿或免疫诊断对 / 复合体呈阳性的样本均进行聚合酶链反应（PCR），以确定 、 和 的阳性情况。当对81份被认为 呈阳性的粪便样本进行PCR时，在37/81（45.7%）的样本中观察到DNA扩增。在31/81（38.3%）的样本中， 是诊断最多的物种，在22/81（27.2%）的样本中检测到 。对 进行的所有反应均为阴性。在16份（19.8%）粪便样本中证实了 和 的混合分子诊断。风险因素分析显示，腹泻与 种感染显著相关，而食用自家种植的蔬菜与 复合体感染相关（ ≤ 0.05）。大多数PCR阳性样本来自该市社会经济指数最低的市郊社区居民。本研究获得的结果凸显了这些城市基本卫生设施的不稳定状况，因为检测到的病原体，包括致病物种 ，主要通过受污染的水和食物传播。值得注意的是，这是第一项通过分子诊断证实 在巴西亚马逊内陆城市中传播的研究。
