Pietkiewicz Igor J, Kłosińska Urszula, Tomalski Radosław
Research Centre for Trauma and Dissociation, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland.
Front Psychol. 2021 Mar 19;12:628925. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.628925. eCollection 2021.
The notion of evil spirits influencing human behavior or mental processes is used in many cultures to justify various symptoms or experiences. It is also expressed in psychotic delusions of possession, but there is limited research in this area. This study explores how patients with schizophrenia came to the conclusion that they were possessed, and how this affected help-seeking. Interviews with two men and two women about their experiences and meaning-making were subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three main themes were identified: (1) Links between traumatic experiences and psychotic symptoms, (2) The emergence of religious themes in delusional contents, and (3) Reluctance to use medical treatment and instead to seek exorcism. In each case, attributing problems to possession was supported by the local environment and media, led to seeking spiritual help, and delayed diagnostic assessment and treatment. However, using religious coping contributed to the sense of predictability and social support. Clinicians are encouraged to explore the experiences and conflicts expressed by the symptoms which people ascribe to possession and to negotiate alternative explanatory models with their patients.
在许多文化中,邪灵影响人类行为或心理过程的观念被用来解释各种症状或经历。它也体现在关于附体的精神病性妄想中,但该领域的研究有限。本研究探讨了精神分裂症患者是如何得出自己被附体的结论的,以及这对寻求帮助产生了怎样的影响。对两名男性和两名女性关于他们的经历及意义建构的访谈进行了解释现象学分析。确定了三个主要主题:(1)创伤经历与精神病性症状之间的联系;(2)妄想内容中宗教主题的出现;(3)不愿使用医学治疗而是寻求驱魔。在每种情况下,将问题归因于附体都得到了当地环境和媒体的支持,导致寻求精神帮助,并延迟了诊断评估和治疗。然而,采用宗教应对方式有助于增强可预测感和社会支持。鼓励临床医生探索人们归因于附体的症状所表达的经历和冲突,并与患者协商其他解释模型。