Morsø Lars, Walløe Sisse, Birkeland Søren, Mikkelsen Kim Lyngby, Gudex Claire, Bogh Søren Bie
OPEN - Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, DK-5000, Denmark.
Danish Patient Compensation Association, Copenhagen V, DK-1560, Denmark.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Mar 29;14:1319-1326. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S290111. eCollection 2021.
The study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the English version of the HCAT to produce a Danish HCAT version and to test the Danish version's reliability.
We used best-practice guidelines for linguistic translations and cultural adaptations. For cross-cultural adaptation, we conducted forward and back translation followed by expert committee review. Subsequently, two researchers assessed 140 complaint cases to test intra- and inter-rater reliability of the Danish HCAT version. We used descriptive statistics for distributions and tested for differences between English and Danish editions Intra- and inter-rater reliability used Gwet's AC1 statistics, applying quadratic weights to assign more weight to large discrepancies.
The back translations showed both semantic and conceptual differences, and the expert committee thus discussed the meaning of the wording in the HCAT guide and coding form to ensure that the Danish version would be conceptually similar to the English version but also culturally appropriate for Danish settings. There was discussion about how to use the coding form to graduate problem severity, and this led to some altered wording. Pilot testing revealed the need for two new categories of "hospital-acquired infection" and "involvement of patients' relatives". The problem categories of the HCAT-DK showed "substantial" intra- and inter-rater reliability (0.79, and 0.79 to 0.85). In addition, there was a "substantial" agreement (0.70 to 0.73) between the original HCAT and the HCAT-DK version.
The study translated and cross-culturally adapted the English HCAT version to produce a Danish HCAT version. Cultural and conceptual differences led to adjustments and to addition of two extra items in the HCAT-DK. The Danish version showed "substantial" intra- and inter-rater reliability and is considered suitable for coding complaint and compensation cases in Danish health care.
本研究旨在对英文版本的医疗投诉评估工具（HCAT）进行翻译和跨文化调适，以生成丹麦语版的HCAT，并测试该丹麦语版本的可靠性。
我们采用了语言翻译和文化调适的最佳实践指南。对于跨文化调适，我们进行了正向翻译和反向翻译，随后由专家委员会进行审核。随后，两名研究人员对140例投诉案例进行评估，以测试丹麦语版HCAT的评分者内信度和评分者间信度。我们使用描述性统计来分析分布情况，并测试英文和丹麦语版本之间的差异。评分者内信度和评分者间信度使用Gwet's AC1统计量，并应用二次权重来更重视较大的差异。
反向翻译显示出语义和概念上的差异，因此专家委员会讨论了HCAT指南和编码表中措辞的含义，以确保丹麦语版本在概念上与英文版本相似，同时在文化上也适合丹麦的情况。关于如何使用编码表来划分问题严重程度进行了讨论，这导致了一些措辞的改变。预试验表明需要新增“医院获得性感染”和“患者亲属参与”两个类别。丹麦语版HCAT的问题类别显示出“高度”的评分者内信度和评分者间信度（分别为0.79以及0.79至0.85）。此外，原始HCAT与丹麦语版HCAT之间存在“高度”一致性（0.70至0.73）。
本研究对英文HCAT版本进行了翻译和跨文化调适，生成了丹麦语版HCAT。文化和概念上的差异导致了调整，并在丹麦语版HCAT中新增了两个项目。丹麦语版本显示出“高度”的评分者内信度和评分者间信度，被认为适用于对丹麦医疗保健中的投诉和赔偿案例进行编码。
