IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo.
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo".
Acta Biomed. 2021 Mar 31;92(S2):e2021013. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92iS2.11329.
The major disorders of consciousness include Coma, Vegetative State, and Minimally Conscious State. The care and the management of patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DOC) have raised several important ethical, social and medical issues. Aim of this review is to evaluate the role of nursing and psychological support in DOC management, in order to improve the quality of life of both patients and their caregivers.
Studies dealing with DOC, nursing and caregiving pubblished in the last 20 years (from January 2000 to June 2020) were identified by searching on PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane databases.
This review highlights the important role of DOC carevigers in the complex management of these frail patients, as well as the need for a specific support and counselling of caregivers. This psychological support may be given by nurses, as they are the healthcare professionals more involved in DOC care and cure.
Over the last years, specific recommendations for the assessment and rehabilitation of patients with DOC have been promulgated by neurorehabilitation organizations to provide some guidelines for the care and cure of such frail patients. Indeed, DOC patients need a multidisciplinary approach in which both caregivers and nurses have a pivotal role.
As the family is a critical and fundamental aspect in the management of DOC patients, it should be considered an integral part of care in the future guidelines.
意识障碍主要包括昏迷、植物状态和最小意识状态。意识障碍（DOC）患者的护理和管理引发了一些重要的伦理、社会和医学问题。本综述的目的是评估护理和心理支持在 DOC 管理中的作用，以提高患者及其护理人员的生活质量。
通过在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 数据库中搜索，确定了过去 20 年（2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 6 月）发表的关于 DOC、护理和护理的研究。
本综述强调了 DOC 护理人员在这些脆弱患者复杂管理中的重要作用，以及对护理人员进行特定支持和咨询的必要性。这种心理支持可以由护士提供，因为他们是最关注 DOC 护理和治疗的医疗保健专业人员。
近年来，神经康复组织发布了针对 DOC 患者评估和康复的具体建议，为这些脆弱患者的护理和治疗提供了一些指导方针。事实上，DOC 患者需要多学科的方法，护理人员和护士在其中发挥关键作用。
由于家庭是 DOC 患者管理中的一个关键和基本方面，因此应在未来的指南中考虑将其作为护理的一个组成部分。
