Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Apr 16;70(15):541-546. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7015a1.
Approximately 47,000 persons in the United States died from an opioid-involved overdose in 2018 (1), and 2.0 million persons met the diagnostic criteria for an opioid use disorder in 2017 (2). The economic cost of the U.S. opioid epidemic in 2017 was estimated at $1,021 billion, including cost of opioid use disorder estimated at $471 billion and cost of fatal opioid overdose estimated at $550 billion (3). CDC used national-level cost estimates to estimate the state-level economic cost of opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose during 2017. Cases and costs of state-level opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose and per capita costs were calculated for each of the 38 states and the District of Columbia (DC) that met drug specificity requirements for mortality data (4). Combined costs of opioid use disorder and fatal opioid overdose (combined costs) varied substantially, ranging from $985 million in Wyoming to $72,583 million in Ohio. Per capita combined costs also varied considerably, ranging from $1,204 in Hawaii to $7,247 in West Virginia. States with high per capita combined costs were mainly in two regions: the Ohio Valley and New England. Federal and state public health agencies can use these data to help guide decisions regarding research, prevention and response activities, and resource allocation.
2018 年，美国约有 4.7 万人死于阿片类药物过量（1），2017 年有 200 万人符合阿片类药物使用障碍的诊断标准（2）。2017 年美国阿片类药物流行的经济成本估计为 10210 亿美元，其中阿片类药物使用障碍的成本估计为 4710 亿美元，致命阿片类药物过量的成本估计为 5500 亿美元（3）。疾病预防控制中心使用国家级成本估算来估算 2017 年各州阿片类药物使用障碍和致命阿片类药物过量的经济成本。根据死亡数据的药物特异性要求，计算了符合条件的 38 个州和哥伦比亚特区（DC）的州级阿片类药物使用障碍和致命阿片类药物过量病例和成本以及人均成本（4）。阿片类药物使用障碍和致命阿片类药物过量的综合成本（综合成本）差异很大，从怀俄明州的 9.85 亿美元到俄亥俄州的 725.83 亿美元不等。人均综合成本差异也很大，从夏威夷的 1204 美元到西弗吉尼亚州的 7247 美元不等。人均综合成本较高的州主要集中在两个地区：俄亥俄河谷和新英格兰。联邦和州公共卫生机构可以使用这些数据来帮助指导有关研究、预防和应对活动以及资源分配的决策。
