Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Apr 22;21(1):773. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10839-0.
Health and key workers have elevated odds of developing severe COVID-19; it is not known, however, if this is exacerbated in those with irregular work patterns. We aimed to investigate the odds of developing severe COVID-19 in health and shift workers.
We included UK Biobank participants in employment or self-employed at baseline (2006-2010) and with linked COVID-19 data to 31st August 2020. Participants were grouped as neither a health worker nor shift worker (reference category) at baseline, health worker only, shift worker only, or both, and associations with severe COVID-19 investigated in logistic regressions.
Of 235,685 participants (81·5% neither health nor shift worker, 1·4% health worker only, 16·9% shift worker only, and 0·3% both), there were 580 (0·25%) cases of severe COVID-19. The odds of severe COVID-19 was higher in health workers (adjusted odds ratio: 2·32 [95% CI: 1·33, 4·05]; shift workers (2·06 [1·72, 2·47]); and in health workers who worked shifts (7·56 [3·86, 14·79]). Being both a health worker and a shift worker had a possible greater impact on the odds of severe COVID-19 in South Asian and Black and African Caribbean ethnicities compared to White individuals.
Both health and shift work (measured at baseline, 2006-2010) were independently associated with over twice the odds of severe COVID-19 in 2020; the odds were over seven times higher in health workers who work shifts. Vaccinations, therapeutic and preventative options should take into consideration not only health and key worker status but also shift worker status.
健康和关键工作者患严重 COVID-19 的几率较高；然而，尚不清楚不规则工作模式是否会使这种情况恶化。我们旨在调查卫生和轮班工作者患严重 COVID-19 的几率。
我们纳入了 UK Biobank 中在基线（2006-2010 年）时处于就业或自营职业状态且与 2020 年 8 月 31 日之前的 COVID-19 数据相关联的参与者。参与者在基线时被分为非卫生工作者也非轮班工作者（参照组）、仅卫生工作者、仅轮班工作者或两者兼有，并通过逻辑回归调查与严重 COVID-19 的关联。
在 235685 名参与者中（81.5%非卫生或轮班工作者，1.4%仅卫生工作者，16.9%仅轮班工作者，0.3%两者兼有），有 580 例（0.25%）严重 COVID-19 病例。卫生工作者（校正比值比：2.32[95%CI：1.33，4.05]）、轮班工作者（2.06[1.72，2.47]）和同时从事卫生工作和轮班工作的人（7.56[3.86，14.79]）患严重 COVID-19 的几率更高。与白人相比，南亚裔和非裔加勒比裔人群中，同时作为卫生工作者和轮班工作者对严重 COVID-19 几率的影响可能更大。
在 2020 年，基线时（2006-2010 年）的卫生和轮班工作（测量）都与严重 COVID-19 的几率增加两倍以上独立相关；从事轮班工作的卫生工作者的几率增加了七倍多。疫苗接种、治疗和预防措施不仅应考虑到卫生和关键工作者的身份，还应考虑到轮班工作者的身份。
