Al-Qattan Husain, Al-Omairah Hamad, Al-Hashash Khaled, Al-Mutairi Fahad, Al-Mutairat Mohammad, Al-Ajmi Mohammad, Mohammad Anwar, Alterki Abdulmohsen, Ziyab Ali H
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Adan Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Department of Ophthalmology, Al-Bahar Eye Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Front Neurol. 2021 Apr 6;12:620799. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.620799. eCollection 2021.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects a considerable proportion of adults globally and is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Given the lack of epidemiologic data on the burden of OSA in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate its prevalence, associated risk factors, and comorbid conditions among a working population in Kuwait. This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of working adults ( = 651) from public institutions in Kuwait. High/low risk for OSA was ascertained according to the Berlin Questionnaire criteria. Participants self-reported their coexisting health conditions. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation; adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Overall, 20.0% (130/651) of participants were classified as being at high risk for OSA, with more male than female subjects being at high risk (24.0% [56/233] vs. 17.7% [74/418], = 0.053), though this difference did not gain statistical significance. Moreover, a high risk for OSA was more common among older and obese subjects. Factors associated with increased prevalence of a high risk for OSA included current smoking status (aPR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.02-2.06), longer hours spent watching television (1.76, 1.10-2.81), and lower self-perceived physical health (2.11, 1.15-3.87). However, decreasing trends in the prevalence of high risk for OSA were observed with frequent engagement in vigorous physical activity and longer nightly sleep duration. Compared to those at a low risk for OSA, the subjects at high risk for OSA were more likely to have insomnia disorder (2.83, 1.81-4.41), diabetes (1.94, 1.15-3.27), hypertension (3.00, 1.75-5.16), and depression (4.47, 1.80-11.08). This study estimated that 1/5 of working adults in Kuwait were at high risk for OSA, and the prevalence varied according to personal characteristics and lifestyle factors. Also, a high risk for OSA classification was associated with multiple comorbid health conditions.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在全球相当一部分成年人中存在，并与发病率和死亡率升高相关。鉴于科威特缺乏关于OSA负担的流行病学数据，本研究旨在估计科威特在职人群中OSA的患病率、相关危险因素和合并症。这是一项对来自科威特公共机构的在职成年人样本（n = 651）的横断面研究。根据柏林问卷标准确定OSA的高/低风险。参与者自我报告他们共存的健康状况。使用具有稳健方差估计的泊松回归评估关联；估计调整后的患病率比（aPRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。总体而言，20.0%（130/651）的参与者被归类为OSA高风险，高风险男性多于女性（24.0% [56/233] 对 17.7% [74/418]，P = 0.053），尽管这种差异没有统计学意义。此外，OSA高风险在年龄较大和肥胖的受试者中更常见。与OSA高风险患病率增加相关的因素包括当前吸烟状况（aPR = 1.58，95% CI：1.02 - 2.06）、看电视时间较长（1.76，1.10 - 2.81）和自我感知的身体健康较差（2.11，1.15 - 3.87）。然而，随着频繁进行剧烈体育活动和夜间睡眠时间延长，OSA高风险的患病率呈下降趋势。与OSA低风险者相比，OSA高风险者更有可能患有失眠症（2.83，1.81 - 4.41）、糖尿病（1.94，1.15 - 3.27）、高血压（3.00，1.75 - 5.16）和抑郁症（4.47，1.80 - 11.08）。本研究估计，科威特五分之一的在职成年人处于OSA高风险，患病率因个人特征和生活方式因素而异。此外，OSA高风险分类与多种合并健康状况相关。
