Ntorla Angeliki, Burgoyne Joseph Robert
The Rayne Institute, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, The British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 6;9:624914. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624914. eCollection 2021.
Histone crotonylation is a newly identified epigenetic modification that has a pronounced ability to regulate gene expression. It belongs to an expanding group of short chain lysine acylations that also includes the extensively studied mark histone acetylation. Emerging evidence suggests that histone crotonylation is functionally distinct from histone acetylation and that competition for sites of modification, which reflects the cellular metabolic status, could be an important epigenetic mechanism that regulates diverse processes. Here, we discuss the enzymatic and metabolic regulation of histone crotonylation, the "reader" proteins that selectively recognise this modification and translate it into diverse functional outcomes within the cell, as well as the identified physiological roles of histone crotonylation, which range from signal-dependent gene activation to spermatogenesis and tissue injury.
组蛋白巴豆酰化是一种新发现的表观遗传修饰，具有显著的调节基因表达的能力。它属于一个不断扩大的短链赖氨酸酰化修饰组，其中还包括已被广泛研究的组蛋白乙酰化修饰。新出现的证据表明，组蛋白巴豆酰化在功能上不同于组蛋白乙酰化，而对修饰位点的竞争反映了细胞代谢状态，这可能是一种调节多种过程的重要表观遗传机制。在此，我们讨论组蛋白巴豆酰化的酶促和代谢调控、选择性识别这种修饰并将其转化为细胞内多种功能结果的“读取器”蛋白，以及已确定的组蛋白巴豆酰化的生理作用，其范围从信号依赖的基因激活到精子发生和组织损伤。
