Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Health Soc Care Community. 2022 May;30(3):1154-1162. doi: 10.1111/hsc.13382. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
To control COVID-19, several strategies were proposed in Iran since the start of the outbreak. The number of reported infected people and its consequent death toll herald relative inadequacies in the quality and extent of the measures in curbing the COVID-19 transmission cycle. This study was conducted to investigate knowledge, attitude, precautionary practices and degree of fear related to COVID-19 in a sample of Iranian population. This study was conducted among 457 residents of Kurdistan Province, Iran, through social networks and social media (WhatsApp and Telegram). Knowledge, attitude and practice and fear of COVID-19 were collected using valid tools. Multiple logistic regression and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with binary outcome attitudes, practices and continuous variables knowledge and fear of COVID-19, respectively. The mean (SD) age of participants was 37.86 (10.42); of them, 252 (55.1%) were men, and more than two-thirds were married (74.8%). About 10% of the respondents were in believed that COVID-19 could create a type of social stigma. Level of knowledge about COVID-19 in 77.8% of the study attendees was acceptable, and 352 of them (70%) were confident that the virus would eventually be successfully controlled in the world, but only 252 of the attendants (50%) had confidence about successful control of COVID-19 in Iran. Applying multiple logistic regression, knowledge (OR: 1.18, p = 0.028) and fear (OR: 1.04, p = 0.028) of COVID-19 were associated with positive attitude towards controllability of COVID-19. Gender (OR: 1.96, p = 0.012), sources of information (OR: 5.00, p = 0.005) and knowledge (OR: 1.27, p = 0.006) were also indicated association with taking precautionary practices to control COVID-19. Further studies are recommended to boost level of knowledge, strengthen positive attitude and ameliorate behavioural pattern for successful control of COVID-19 in Iran.
为了控制 COVID-19，伊朗从疫情爆发开始就提出了几种策略。报告的感染人数及其随后的死亡人数表明，在遏制 COVID-19 传播周期方面，措施的质量和范围存在相对不足。本研究旨在调查伊朗人群样本中与 COVID-19 相关的知识、态度、预防措施和恐惧程度。本研究通过社交网络和社交媒体（WhatsApp 和 Telegram）在伊朗库尔德斯坦省的 457 名居民中进行。使用有效的工具收集知识、态度和实践以及对 COVID-19 的恐惧。多变量逻辑回归和多元线性回归分析用于确定与二项态度、实践和连续变量知识和对 COVID-19 的恐惧相关的因素。参与者的平均（SD）年龄为 37.86（10.42）；其中 252 人（55.1%）为男性，超过三分之二的人已婚（74.8%）。约 10%的受访者认为 COVID-19 可能会造成一种社会污名。77.8%的研究参与者对 COVID-19 的知识水平可接受，其中 352 人（70%）相信该病毒最终将在全球范围内得到成功控制，但只有 252 名参与者（50%）对 COVID-19 在伊朗得到成功控制有信心。进行多变量逻辑回归分析后发现，对 COVID-19 的知识（OR：1.18，p=0.028）和恐惧（OR：1.04，p=0.028）与对 COVID-19 可控性的积极态度相关。性别（OR：1.96，p=0.012）、信息来源（OR：5.00，p=0.005）和知识（OR：1.27，p=0.006）也与采取预防措施控制 COVID-19 相关。建议进一步研究以提高知识水平、增强积极态度和改善行为模式，从而成功控制伊朗的 COVID-19。
