SARS-CoV-2：生态学和进化的跨尺度见解。
SARS-CoV-2: Cross-scale Insights from Ecology and Evolution.
机构信息
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; La Kretz Center for California Conservation Science, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, La Kretz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Trends Microbiol. 2021 Jul;29(7):593-605. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.03.013. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Ecological and evolutionary processes govern the fitness, propagation, and interactions of organisms through space and time, and viruses are no exception. While coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) research has primarily emphasized virological, clinical, and epidemiological perspectives, crucial aspects of the pandemic are fundamentally ecological or evolutionary. Here, we highlight five conceptual domains of ecology and evolution - invasion, consumer-resource interactions, spatial ecology, diversity, and adaptation - that illuminate (sometimes unexpectedly) the emergence and spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We describe the applications of these concepts across levels of biological organization and spatial scales, including within individual hosts, host populations, and multispecies communities. Together, these perspectives illustrate the integrative power of ecological and evolutionary ideas and highlight the benefits of interdisciplinary thinking for understanding emerging viruses.
生态和进化过程通过时间和空间来支配生物的适应性、传播和相互作用，病毒也不例外。虽然 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的研究主要强调病毒学、临床和流行病学的角度，但大流行的关键方面从根本上说是生态或进化的。在这里，我们强调了生态学和进化的五个概念领域——入侵、消费者-资源相互作用、空间生态学、多样性和适应性——这些领域阐明了（有时出人意料地）严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的出现和传播。我们描述了这些概念在生物组织和空间尺度上的应用，包括在个体宿主、宿主群体和多物种群落中。这些观点共同说明了生态和进化思想的综合力量，并强调了跨学科思维对于理解新兴病毒的益处。
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