Nielsen Søren Saxmose, Alvarez Julio, Bicout Dominique Joseph, Calistri Paolo, Depner Klaus, Drewe Julian Ashley, Garin-Bastuji Bruno, Gonzales Rojas Jose Luis, Gortázar Schmidt Christian, Herskin Mette, Michel Virginie, Pasquali Paolo, Roberts Helen Claire, Sihvonen Liisa Helena, Spoolder Hans, Stahl Karl, Velarde Antonio, Winckler Christoph, Blome Sandra, Boklund Anette, Bøtner Anette, Dhollander Sofie, Van der Stede Yves, Miranda Chueca Miguel Ángel
EFSA J. 2021 Apr 19;19(4):e06550. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6550. eCollection 2021 Apr.
The European Commission requested EFSA to provide study designs for the investigation of four research domains according to major gaps in knowledge identified by EFSA in a report published in 2019: i) the patterns of seasonality of ASF in wild boar and domestic pigs in the EU; ii) the ASF epidemiology in wild boar; iii) ASF virus (ASFV) survival in the environment and iv) ASF transmission by vectors. In this Scientific Opinion, the first research domain on ASF seasonality is addressed. Therefore, five research objectives were proposed by the working group and broader ASF expert networks, such as ASF stop, ENETWILD, VectorNet, AHAW network and the AHAW Panel Experts. Of the five research objectives, only two were prioritised and elaborated into a general protocol/study design research proposal, namely: 1) to monitor the herd incidence of ASF outbreaks in EU Member States (MS) and 2) to investigate potential (seasonal) risk factors for ASF incursion in domestic pig herds of different herd types and/or size. To monitor the incidence in different pig herd types, it is advised to collect, besides ASF surveillance data, pig population data describing at least the following parameters per farm from the first moment of incursion in an affected MS: the numbers of pigs (e.g. number of breeding pigs sows and boars, weaners and fatteners) and the location and the type of farm (including details on the level of biosecurity implemented on the farm and the outdoor/indoor production). We suggest collecting data from all ASF-affected MS through the SIGMA data model, which was developed for this purpose. To investigate potential risk factors for ASF incursion in domestic pig herds, we suggest a matched case-control design. Such a study design can be run either retrospectively or prospectively. The collected data on the pig herds and the ASF surveillance data in the SIGMA data model can be used to identify case and control farms.
欧盟委员会要求欧洲食品安全局根据其在2019年发布的一份报告中确定的主要知识空白，提供针对四个研究领域的研究设计：i）欧盟野猪和家猪中非洲猪瘟（ASF）的季节性模式；ii）野猪中的ASF流行病学；iii）非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）在环境中的存活情况；iv）媒介传播的ASF。在本科学意见中，针对ASF季节性的首个研究领域进行了探讨。因此，工作组以及更广泛的ASF专家网络，如ASF防控组织、欧洲野生动物网络、媒介网络、动物健康与福利网络以及动物健康与福利专家小组，提出了五个研究目标。在这五个研究目标中，只有两个被优先考虑并细化为一份通用方案/研究设计研究提案，即：1）监测欧盟成员国（MS）中ASF疫情的畜群发病率；2）调查不同畜群类型和/或规模的家猪群中ASF传入的潜在（季节性）风险因素。为监测不同猪群类型中的发病率，建议除收集ASF监测数据外，还收集受影响成员国自疫情首次发生起每个农场至少描述以下参数的猪群数据：猪的数量（如繁殖母猪、公猪、断奶仔猪和育肥猪的数量）以及农场的位置和类型（包括农场实施的生物安全水平及户外/室内生产的详细信息）。我们建议通过为此目的开发的SIGMA数据模型，从所有受ASF影响的成员国收集数据。为调查家猪群中ASF传入的潜在风险因素，我们建议采用匹配病例对照设计。这种研究设计可以回顾性或前瞻性地进行。SIGMA数据模型中收集的猪群数据和ASF监测数据可用于确定病例农场和对照农场。
