Spieler Nico, Schnyder Manuela
Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2021 Mar 12;14:202-210. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.03.005. eCollection 2021 Apr.
sp. is a lungworm with worldwide distribution in wild boars and other suids. In Switzerland, two wild boar populations are geographically divided by the Alps. We investigated 84 wild boars, 52 from north and 32 from south of the Alps, different in sex and age (juveniles, subadults, adults), shot between September and December 2018. The lungs were macroscopically examined and dissected for the detection of specimens. Additionally, faecal samples were obtained from 55 animals and analysed by sedimentation/flotation and the mini-FLOTAC® method. Overall, 12'774 sp. specimens were isolated: prevalence was 77.4% and mean burden 196.5 (range: 1-2589), with no significant differences between north (80.8%, 218.0) and south (71.9%, 157.4) nor between sexes and age groups. Macroscopically, dense nodular lesions associated with sp. were present in 19 out of 65 (33.9%) positive lungs. Five sp. were detected: (67.9%), (63.1%), (56%), (44%) and (17.9%), with a significant difference ( = 0.012) between north (32.7%) and south (62.5%) for . The lungworm population was female biased. The number of sp. eggs in faecal samples did not correlate with worm burdens. Furthermore, the following endoparasites were detected: / sp. (74.5%), (27.3%%), (20.0%), sp. (18.2%), sp. (9.1%), sp. (7.3%), (3.6%) sp. (3.6%) and (1.8%), with significant differences for (north 36.1% > south 10.5%) and sp. (only south, 26.3%). Although geographically separated, both Swiss wild boar populations share similar parasite spectra, while also showing some regional idiosyncrasies partially explained by ecological and climatic factors. Despite their clinical relevance being unknown, accurate knowledge concerning the distribution of endoparasites in the wildlife reservoir is relevant to better understand risk factors for the domestic pig population.
某肺线虫在野猪和其他猪科动物中呈全球分布。在瑞士，两个野猪种群在地理上被阿尔卑斯山分隔开来。我们调查了84头野猪，其中52头来自阿尔卑斯山以北，32头来自阿尔卑斯山以南，涵盖不同性别和年龄（幼年、亚成年、成年），于2018年9月至12月期间被射杀。对肺部进行宏观检查并解剖以检测标本。此外，从55只动物身上获取粪便样本，通过沉淀/浮选法和mini-FLOTAC®方法进行分析。总体而言，共分离出12774个某肺线虫标本：感染率为77.4%，平均感染强度为196.5（范围：1 - 2589），阿尔卑斯山以北（80.8%，218.0）和以南（71.9%，157.4）之间、不同性别和年龄组之间均无显著差异。宏观上，65个阳性肺部中有19个（33.9%）存在与某肺线虫相关的密集结节性病变。检测到5种某肺线虫：[具体线虫1]（67.9%）、[具体线虫2]（63.1%）、[具体线虫3]（56%）、[具体线虫4]（44%）和[具体线虫5]（17.9%）；对于[具体线虫1]，阿尔卑斯山以北（32.7%）和以南（62.5%）之间存在显著差异（P = 0.012）。肺线虫种群以雌性为主。粪便样本中某肺线虫卵的数量与虫负荷不相关。此外，还检测到以下体内寄生虫：[具体寄生虫1]/[具体寄生虫1]种（74.5%）、[具体寄生虫2]（27.3%）、[具体寄生虫3]（20.0%）、[具体寄生虫4]种（18.2%）、[具体寄生虫5]种（9.1%）、[具体寄生虫6]种（7.3%）、[具体寄生虫7]（3.6%）、[具体寄生虫8]种（3.6%）和[具体寄生虫9]（1.8%），[具体寄生虫1]（阿尔卑斯山以北36.1%＞以南10.5%）和[具体寄生虫4]种（仅在南部，26.3%）存在显著差异。尽管瑞士的两个野猪种群在地理上相互隔离，但它们具有相似寄生虫谱，同时也表现出一些部分由生态和气候因素解释的区域特性。尽管其临床相关性尚不清楚，但关于野生动物宿主中体内寄生虫分布的准确知识对于更好地了解家猪种群的风险因素具有重要意义。
