Teixeira Ruan M, Ferreira Marco Aurélio, Raimundo Gabriel A S, Fontes Elizabeth P B
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIOAGRO, National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36571.000, MG, Brazil.
Microorganisms. 2021 Apr 8;9(4):775. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040775.
Geminiviruses are circular single-stranded DNA plant viruses encapsidated into geminate virion particles, which infect many crops and vegetables and, hence, represent significant agricultural constraints worldwide. To maintain their broad-range host spectrum and establish productive infection, the geminiviruses must circumvent a potent plant antiviral immune system, which consists of a multilayered perception system represented by RNA interference sensors and effectors, pattern recognition receptors (PRR), and resistance (R) proteins. This recognition system leads to the activation of conserved defense responses that protect plants against different co-existing viral and nonviral pathogens in nature. Furthermore, a specific antiviral cell surface receptor signaling is activated at the onset of geminivirus infection to suppress global translation. This review highlighted these layers of virus perception and host defenses and the mechanisms developed by geminiviruses to overcome the plant antiviral immunity mechanisms.
双生病毒是一类环状单链DNA植物病毒，被包裹在双联体病毒粒子中，可感染多种农作物和蔬菜，因此在全球范围内构成了重大的农业制约因素。为了维持其广泛的宿主范围并建立有效的感染，双生病毒必须规避植物强大的抗病毒免疫系统，该系统由以RNA干扰传感器和效应器、模式识别受体（PRR）和抗性（R）蛋白为代表的多层感知系统组成。这种识别系统会激活保守的防御反应，保护植物抵御自然界中不同的共存病毒和非病毒病原体。此外，在双生病毒感染开始时会激活一种特定的抗病毒细胞表面受体信号传导，以抑制整体翻译。本文综述强调了这些病毒感知和宿主防御层面，以及双生病毒为克服植物抗病毒免疫机制而发展出的机制。
