College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Institute of Landscape, Taiyuan University, Taiyuan 030032, China.
Molecules. 2021 Apr 21;26(9):2417. doi: 10.3390/molecules26092417.
Proanthocyanidins are natural glycosidase inhibitors with excellent antioxidant activity. This study aims to search for a new source of proanthocyanidins for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes with higher content and better activity and get their structure elucidated. First, the total proanthocyanidins contents (TOPCs), antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity of seven common Polygonaceae plants were analyzed and compared. Then proanthocyanidins from the rhizome of were purified, and the detailed structure was comprehensively analyzed by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (C NMR), reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ESI-MS), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The rhizome of showed the highest TOPCs, the strongest antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities; the TOPCs, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities were all very significantly positively correlated. Proanthocyanidins purified from the rhizome of showed better antidiabetic activity than grape seed proanthocyanidins (GsPs). Seventy-two proanthocyanidins from trimer to undecamer with a mean degree of polymerization (mDP) of about 5.02 ± 0.21 were identified with catechin and epicatechin as the dominant monomers. Conclusion: Proanthocyanidins are the main antioxidant and antidiabetic active substances of and are expected to be developed into potential antioxidant and hypoglycemic products.
原花青素是具有优异抗氧化活性的天然糖苷酶抑制剂。本研究旨在寻找一种新的富含原花青素的来源，用于预防和治疗 2 型糖尿病，以期获得更高含量和更好活性的原花青素，并对其结构进行阐明。首先，分析比较了 7 种常见的蓼科植物的总原花青素含量（TOPCs）、抗氧化活性和抗糖尿病活性。然后，从 的根茎中分离纯化原花青素，并通过紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、C 核磁共振光谱（C NMR）、反相高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱（RP-HPLC-ESI-MS）和基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）对其详细结构进行全面分析。结果表明， 的根茎表现出最高的 TOPCs、最强的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性；TOPCs、抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性均呈极显著正相关。从 的根茎中分离纯化的原花青素比葡萄籽原花青素（GsPs）具有更好的抗糖尿病活性。鉴定出 72 种原花青素，从三聚体到十一聚体，平均聚合度（mDP）约为 5.02±0.21，以儿茶素和表儿茶素为主要单体。结论：原花青素是 的主要抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性物质，有望开发成为有潜力的抗氧化和降血糖产品。
