Kolahchi Zahra, De Domenico Manlio, Uddin Lucina Q, Cauda Valentina, Grossmann Igor, Lacasa Lucas, Grancini Giulia, Mahmoudi Morteza, Rezaei Nima
Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Povo, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1318:825-837. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-63761-3_46.
Pandemics are enormous threats to the world that impact all aspects of our lives, especially the global economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged since December 2019 and has affected the global economy in many ways. As the world becomes more interconnected, the economic impacts of the pandemic become more serious. In addition to increased health expenditures and reduced labor force, the pandemic has hit the supply and demand chain massively and caused trouble for manufacturers who have to fire some of their employees or delay their economic activities to prevent more loss. With the closure of manufacturers and companies and reduced travel rates, usage of oil after the beginning of the pandemic has decreased significantly that was unprecedented in the last 30 years. The mining industry is a critical sector in several developing countries, and the COVID-19 pandemic has hit this industry too. Also, world stock markets declined as investors started to become concerned about the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The tourism industry and airlines have also experienced an enormous loss too. The GDP has reduced, and this pandemic will cost the world more than 2 trillion at the end of 2020.
大流行是对世界的巨大威胁，影响着我们生活的方方面面，尤其是全球经济。自2019年12月以来出现的新冠疫情在许多方面影响了全球经济。随着世界联系日益紧密，疫情对经济的影响愈发严重。除了医疗支出增加和劳动力减少外，疫情还严重冲击了供应链和需求链，给制造商带来麻烦，他们不得不解雇部分员工或推迟经济活动以避免更多损失。随着制造商和公司关闭以及出行率降低，疫情开始后石油的使用量大幅下降，这在过去30年中是前所未有的。采矿业在几个发展中国家是关键行业，新冠疫情也对该行业造成了冲击。此外，随着投资者开始担忧新冠疫情对经济的影响，全球股市下跌。旅游业和航空业也遭受了巨大损失。国内生产总值下降，到2020年底，这场疫情将使全球损失超过2万亿美元。
