infection in different mammalian species in Brazil.

a monoxenous trypanosomatid considered restricted to insects, was recently reported to infect a bat. Herein, has been demonstrated to have a wider range of vertebrate hosts and distribution in Brazilian biomes than once thought. Parasites isolated from haemocultures were characterized using V7V8 SSU rDNA and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes. Coatis () in the Cerrado; marmosets ( sp.) and bats (, , ) in the Atlantic Forest; crab-eating foxes () and ocelot () in the Pantanal biomes were infected by trypanosomatids that displayed choanomastigote forms in haemoculture in Giemsa-stained slide smears. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic inference confirmed the infection of in these animals. Moreover, slight differences in sequences were observed. growth curves were counted at 27°C, 36°C and 37°C, and the morphotypes were able to grow and survive for up to 16 days. Serological titers for were observed in nonhuman primates, demonstrating that this parasite is able to induce a humoral immune response in an infected mammal. These results showed that host specificity in trypanosomatids is complex and far from understood.