Wiacek Alycen, Lediju Bell Muyinatu A
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 3400 N. Charles St., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3400 N. Charles St., Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Biomed Opt Express. 2021 Mar 16;12(4):2079-2117. doi: 10.1364/BOE.417984. eCollection 2021 Apr 1.
Photoacoustic imaging-the combination of optics and acoustics to visualize differences in optical absorption - has recently demonstrated strong viability as a promising method to provide critical guidance of multiple surgeries and procedures. Benefits include its potential to assist with tumor resection, identify hemorrhaged and ablated tissue, visualize metal implants (e.g., needle tips, tool tips, brachytherapy seeds), track catheter tips, and avoid accidental injury to critical subsurface anatomy (e.g., major vessels and nerves hidden by tissue during surgery). These benefits are significant because they reduce surgical error, associated surgery-related complications (e.g., cancer recurrence, paralysis, excessive bleeding), and accidental patient death in the operating room. This invited review covers multiple aspects of the use of photoacoustic imaging to guide both surgical and related non-surgical interventions. Applicable organ systems span structures within the head to contents of the toes, with an eye toward surgical and interventional translation for the benefit of patients and for use in operating rooms and interventional suites worldwide. We additionally include a critical discussion of complete systems and tools needed to maximize the success of surgical and interventional applications of photoacoustic-based technology, spanning light delivery, acoustic detection, and robotic methods. Multiple enabling hardware and software integration components are also discussed, concluding with a summary and future outlook based on the current state of technological developments, recent achievements, and possible new directions.
光声成像——将光学与声学相结合以可视化光吸收差异——最近已展现出强大的可行性，有望成为一种为多种手术和操作提供关键指导的方法。其优势包括有助于肿瘤切除、识别出血和消融组织、可视化金属植入物（如针尖、工具尖端、近距离放射治疗种子源）、追踪导管尖端以及避免意外损伤关键的深部解剖结构（如手术过程中被组织隐藏的主要血管和神经）。这些优势意义重大，因为它们可减少手术失误、相关手术并发症（如癌症复发、瘫痪、大出血）以及手术室中的患者意外死亡。这篇特邀综述涵盖了光声成像用于指导手术及相关非手术干预的多个方面。适用的器官系统涵盖从头部结构到脚趾内容物，着眼于手术和介入转化，以造福患者，并供全球手术室和介入室使用。我们还对基于光声技术的手术和介入应用取得成功所需的完整系统和工具进行了批判性讨论，包括光传输、声学检测和机器人方法。还讨论了多个实现硬件和软件集成组件，最后基于技术发展现状、近期成果和可能的新方向进行了总结和展望。
