Gonzalez Sarah T, Marty Vincent, Spigelman Igor, Reise Steven P, Fanselow Michael S
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Staglin Center for Brain and Behavioral Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Neurobiol Stress. 2021 May 6;15:100335. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100335. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after exposure to traumatic events and severely impacts the quality of life. PTSD is frequently comorbid with substance use disorders, with alcoholism being particularly common. However, not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD and the factors that render individuals susceptible or resilient to the effects of stress are unknown although gender appears to play an important role. Rodent models of stress exposure such as stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) recapitulate some aspects of PTSD symptomology, making them an invaluable tool for studying this disorder. This study examined whether exposure to a modified version of the SEFL procedure (4 footshocks instead of the standard 15 over 90 min) would reveal both susceptible and resilient subjects. Following stress exposure, distinct susceptible and resilient groups emerged that differed in fear learning and anxiety-related behavior as well as voluntary alcohol intake. Some aspects of stress susceptibility manifested differently in males compared to females, with susceptibility associated with increased alcohol intake in males and increased baseline anxiety in females.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）可在暴露于创伤事件后发生，并严重影响生活质量。PTSD常与物质使用障碍共病，其中酒精成瘾尤为常见。然而，并非每个经历创伤的人都会患上PTSD，尽管性别似乎起着重要作用，但使个体易受压力影响或具有抗压能力的因素尚不清楚。应激暴露的啮齿动物模型，如应激增强恐惧学习（SEFL），概括了PTSD症状学的某些方面，使其成为研究这种疾病的宝贵工具。本研究考察了暴露于改良版SEFL程序（4次电击，而非标准的90分钟内15次电击）是否会揭示易感性和抗压性个体。应激暴露后，出现了不同的易感组和抗压组，它们在恐惧学习、焦虑相关行为以及自愿饮酒量方面存在差异。应激易感性的某些方面在男性和女性中表现不同，男性的易感性与饮酒量增加有关，而女性的易感性与基线焦虑增加有关。
