Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022 Jan;76(1):65-73. doi: 10.1038/s41430-021-00909-2. Epub 2021 May 26.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Intermittent energy restriction (IER) may overcome poor long-term adherence with continuous energy restriction (CER), for weight reduction. We compared the effects of IER with CER for fasting and postprandial metabolism and appetite in metabolically healthy participants, in whom excess weight would not confound intrinsic metabolic differences.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: In a 2-week randomised, parallel trial, 16 young, healthy-weight participants were assigned to either CER (20% below estimated energy requirements (EER)) or 5:2 IER (70% below EER on 2 non-consecutive days; 5 days at EER, per week). Metabolic and appetite regulation markers were assessed before and for 3 h after a liquid breakfast; followed by an ad libitum lunch; pre- and post-intervention.
Weight loss was similar in both groups: -2.5 (95% CI, -3.4, -1.6) kg for 5:2 IER vs. -2.3 (-2.9, -1.7) kg for CER. There were no differences between groups for postprandial incremental area under the curve for serum insulin, blood glucose or subjective appetite ratings. Compared with CER, 5:2 IER led to a reduction in fasting blood glucose concentrations (treatment-by-time interaction, P = 0.018, η = 0.14). Similarly, compared with CER, there were beneficial changes in fasting composite appetite scores after 5:2 IER (treatment-by-time interaction, P = 0.0003, η = 0.35).
There were no significant differences in postprandial insulinaemic, glycaemic or appetite responses between treatments. However, 5:2 IER resulted in greater improvements in fasting blood glucose, and beneficial changes in fasting subjective appetite ratings.
背景/目的：间歇性能量限制（IER）可能比连续能量限制（CER）更能提高减重的长期依从性。我们比较了 IER 和 CER 对代谢健康参与者空腹和餐后代谢及食欲的影响，因为超重不会混淆内在代谢差异。
受试者/方法：在一项为期 2 周的随机、平行试验中，16 名年轻、体重正常的参与者被分配到 CER（估计能量需求（EER）的 20%以下）或 5:2 IER（2 天非连续日，EER 的 70%以下；每周 5 天，EER）。在液体早餐前和 3 小时后评估代谢和食欲调节标志物；然后是随意午餐；干预前后。
两组体重减轻相似：5:2 IER 组为-2.5（95%CI，-3.4，-1.6）kg，CER 组为-2.3（-2.9，-1.7）kg。两组餐后血清胰岛素、血糖或主观食欲评分的增量曲线下面积均无差异。与 CER 相比，5:2 IER 使空腹血糖浓度降低（治疗与时间的交互作用，P=0.018，η=0.14）。同样，与 CER 相比，5:2 IER 后空腹复合食欲评分也有改善（治疗与时间的交互作用，P=0.0003，η=0.35）。
两种治疗方法在餐后胰岛素血症、血糖或食欲反应方面无显著差异。然而，5:2 IER 使空腹血糖有更大的改善，并且空腹主观食欲评分有有益的变化。
