From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, P.R. China (C.Z., Z.S., S. Ge, Q.X.).
Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute (WHRI), Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (K.N., Q.X.).
Hypertension. 2021 Jul;78(1):16-29. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16752. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
Increasing evidence has suggested that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have vital roles in cardiovascular tissue homeostasis and diseases. As a main subgroup of ncRNAs, long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in lipid metabolism, inflammation, vascular injury, and angiogenesis. They have also been implicated in many human diseases including atherosclerosis, arterial remodeling, hypertension, myocardial injury, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. Importantly, it was reported that lncRNAs were dysregulated in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A variety of studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs could influence gene expression at transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation level. Particularly, emerging evidence has confirmed that the crosstalk among lncRNAs, mRNA, and miRNAs is an important underlying regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs. Nevertheless, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in CVDs have not been fully explored yet. In this review, we will comprehensively summarize the main findings about lncRNAs and CVDs, highlighting the most recent discoveries in the field of lncRNAs and their pathophysiological functions in CVDs, with the aim of dissecting the intrinsic association between lncRNAs and common risk factors of CVDs including hypertension, high glucose, and high fat. Finally, the potential of lncRNAs functioning as the biomarkers, therapeutic targets, as well as specific diagnostic and prognostic indicators of CVDs will be discussed in this review.
越来越多的证据表明，非编码 RNA（ncRNA）在心血管组织稳态和疾病中发挥着重要作用。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）作为 ncRNA 的主要亚类之一，已被报道在脂质代谢、炎症、血管损伤和血管生成中发挥重要作用。它们还与许多人类疾病有关，包括动脉粥样硬化、动脉重塑、高血压、心肌损伤、心脏重塑和心力衰竭。重要的是，据报道，lncRNA 在心血管疾病（CVD）的发生和发展中失调。多种研究表明，lncRNA 可以在转录、转录后、翻译和翻译后水平影响基因表达。特别是，新出现的证据证实了 lncRNA、mRNA 和 miRNA 之间的串扰是 lncRNA 的重要潜在调节机制。然而，lncRNA 在 CVD 中的生物学功能和分子机制尚未得到充分探索。在这篇综述中，我们将全面总结 lncRNA 与 CVD 的主要发现，重点介绍 lncRNA 领域的最新发现及其在 CVD 中的病理生理功能，旨在剖析 lncRNA 与高血压、高血糖和高脂等 CVD 常见危险因素之间的内在关联。最后，我们将在这篇综述中讨论 lncRNA 作为 CVD 的生物标志物、治疗靶点以及特定诊断和预后指标的潜力。
