Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
South Australian Sports Institute, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 May 20;21(10):3571. doi: 10.3390/s21103571.
Heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) infer readiness to perform exercise in athletic populations. Technological advancements have facilitated HR and HRV quantification via photoplethysmography (PPG). This study evaluated the validity of WHOOP's PPG-derived HR and HRV against electrocardiogram-derived (ECG) measures. HR and HRV were assessed via WHOOP and ECG over 15 opportunities. WHOOP-derived pulse-to-pulse (PP) intervals were edited with WHOOP's proprietary filter, in addition to various filter strengths via Kubios HRV software. HR and HRV (Ln RMSSD) were quantified for each filter strength. Agreement was assessed via bias and limits of agreement (LOA), and contextualised using smallest worthwhile change (SWC) and coefficient of variation (CV). Regardless of filter strength, bias (≤0.39 ± 0.38%) and LOA (≤1.56%) in HR were lower than the CV (10-11%) and SWC (5-5.5%) for this parameter. For Ln RMSSD, bias (1.66 ± 1.80%) and LOA (±5.93%) were lowest for a 200 ms filter and WHOOP's proprietary filter, which approached or exceeded the CV (3-13%) and SWC (1.5-6.5%) for this parameter. Acceptable agreement was found between WHOOP- and ECG-derived HR. Bias and LOA in Ln RMSSD approached or exceeded the SWC/CV for this variable and should be interpreted against its own level of bias precision.
心率（HR）和心率变异性（HRV）可推断运动员群体进行运动的准备情况。技术进步促进了通过光电容积脉搏波描记法（PPG）对 HR 和 HRV 的量化。本研究评估了 WHOOP 的 PPG 衍生 HR 和 HRV 与心电图衍生（ECG）测量值的有效性。通过 WHOOP 和 ECG 在 15 次机会中评估 HR 和 HRV。WHOOP 衍生的脉搏到脉搏（PP）间隔使用 WHOOP 的专有滤波器进行编辑，此外还使用 Kubios HRV 软件通过各种滤波器强度进行编辑。为每个滤波器强度量化 HR 和 HRV（Ln RMSSD）。通过偏差和界限协议（LOA）评估一致性，并使用最小有意义变化（SWC）和变异系数（CV）进行上下文评估。无论滤波器强度如何，HR 中的偏差（≤0.39±0.38%）和 LOA（≤1.56%）均低于该参数的 CV（10-11%）和 SWC（5-5.5%）。对于 Ln RMSSD，偏差（1.66±1.80%）和 LOA（±5.93%）对于 200ms 滤波器和 WHOOP 的专有滤波器最低，接近或超过该参数的 CV（3-13%）和 SWC（1.5-6.5%）。在 WHOOP 和 ECG 衍生的 HR 之间发现了可接受的一致性。Ln RMSSD 的偏差和 LOA 接近或超过了该变量的 SWC/CV，应根据其自身的偏差精度进行解释。
