Maheri Mina, Darabi Fatemeh, Khalili Saeede, Hesari Marziyeh
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2021 Feb 27;10:57. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_741_20. eCollection 2021.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the fourth most common cancer in women in Iran. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on the improvement of CRC screening intention among average-risk individuals.
This quasi-experimental study was performed on the 50-69-year-old individuals referred to Asadabad city clinics in 2020. The individuals were randomly assigned to multistage cluster sampling in each intervention and control group. The instrument used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB. Educational intervention was conducted for the intervention group, one of their family members, and staff of clinic under intervention. Finally, the data were entered into SPSS and analyzed utilizing descriptive and analytical statistics. Results were considered significantly <0.05.
There were no significant differences between two intervention and control groups in the preintervention phase in terms of the mean scores of attitude ( = 0.58), subjective norms ( = 0.59), and behavioral intention ( = 0.66). However, in the postintervention phase, these differences were significant. Furthermore, regarding the mean score of perceived behavioral control, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the preintervention phase ( < 0.02), while in the postintervention phase, this difference was not significant ( = 0.29).
Educational intervention based on the TPB has been effective in improving the CRC screening intention among average-risk individuals. Therefore, using the results of this research and developing appropriate educational programs at the community level can be increased the participation of community members in CRC screening programs.
在伊朗，结直肠癌（CRC）是男性中第三大常见癌症，女性中第四大常见癌症。因此，本研究的目的是确定基于计划行为理论（TPB）的教育干预对提高平均风险个体的CRC筛查意愿的影响。
本准实验研究于2020年对转诊至阿萨达巴德市诊所的50 - 69岁个体进行。个体被随机分配到每个干预组和对照组的多阶段整群抽样中。本研究使用的工具是基于TPB的研究者自编问卷。对干预组、其一名家庭成员以及干预诊所的工作人员进行了教育干预。最后，将数据录入SPSS并使用描述性和分析性统计进行分析。结果被认为显著<0.05。
在干预前阶段，两个干预组和对照组在态度平均得分（=0.58）、主观规范（=0.59）和行为意愿（=0.66）方面没有显著差异。然而，在干预后阶段，这些差异是显著的。此外，关于感知行为控制的平均得分，两组在干预前阶段存在显著差异（<0.02），而在干预后阶段，这种差异不显著（=0.29）。
基于TPB的教育干预在提高平均风险个体的CRC筛查意愿方面是有效的。因此，利用本研究结果并在社区层面制定适当的教育计划可以提高社区成员对CRC筛查计划的参与度。
