Rygaard H, Dorph S, Thomsen H S, Mygind T, Nielsen H, Larsen S, Skaarup P, Hemmingsen L, Holm J
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Københavns Amts Sygehus I Herlev, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Acta Radiol. 1988 Jul-Aug;29(4):491-4.
Diatrizoate, iohexol or ioxilan were injected intravenously in 18 rabbits. The contrast medium passage through the kidneys was recorded on digital subtraction images for the first 50 s followed by 100 mm exposures up to 15 min after injection. The renal area was measured planimetrically. Urine profiles (glucose, phosphate, LDH, GGT, NAG), blood profiles (potassium, urea) and the relative clearance of albumin and sodium were followed for 5 days and compared with a control group injected with saline. All kidneys were examined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy. All three contrast media produced excellent arteriograms and urograms. The three different contrast media caused a rapid increase of the kidney area within the first minute, reaching an average maximum of 10 to 12 per cent after 5 min, followed by a gradual decline. Contrary to expectations the increase in renal area was similar for all three contrast media, so hyperosmolality is no likely explanation of this phenomenon. None of the contrast agents caused significant changes in any of the profile components with one exception: the GGT excretion was significantly elevated during the first 24 h after diatrizoate administration as compared with the effect of saline. Light and immunofluorescence microscopy revealed no differences.
将泛影葡胺、碘海醇或碘克沙醇静脉注射到18只兔子体内。在数字减影图像上记录造影剂在最初50秒内通过肾脏的情况，随后在注射后15分钟内进行100毫米曝光。用面积测量法测量肾脏面积。连续5天跟踪尿液指标（葡萄糖、磷酸盐、乳酸脱氢酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶）、血液指标（钾、尿素）以及白蛋白和钠的相对清除率，并与注射生理盐水的对照组进行比较。所有肾脏均通过光镜和免疫荧光显微镜检查。所有三种造影剂均产生了优质的动脉造影和尿路造影图像。三种不同的造影剂在第一分钟内使肾脏面积迅速增加，5分钟后平均最大增加10%至12%，随后逐渐下降。与预期相反，所有三种造影剂导致的肾脏面积增加相似，因此高渗性不太可能是这种现象的原因。除了一个例外，所有造影剂均未引起任何指标成分的显著变化：与生理盐水的作用相比，泛影葡胺给药后最初24小时内γ-谷氨酰转移酶的排泄显著升高。光镜和免疫荧光显微镜检查未发现差异。
