Thomsen H S, Dorph S, Mygind T, Hemmingsen L, Holm J, Larsen S, Nielsen H, Rygaard H, Skaarup P
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Invest Radiol. 1988 Sep;23 Suppl 1:S168-70. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198809001-00028.
The effects of intravenous diatrizoate, iohexol, ioxilan, or saline on albumin, glucose, sodium and the enzymes N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and L-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the urine of 24 normal Wistar rats were followed for seven days. During the first two hours after administration of diatrizoate, all profile components changed markedly; the albumin excretion was significantly greater than following ioxilan and iohexol; glucose, LDH, and GGT excretions were significantly greater than following ioxilan. Iohexol and ioxilan caused a higher excretion of albumin, LDH, and GGT than saline. Iohexol also increased glucose and sodium levels. Glucose and GGT were significantly higher following iohexol than following ioxilan. Both high osmolar and low osmolar contrast media may cause temporary glomerular and tubular damage. Urine profile components are affected most by diatrizoate, less by iohexol, and least by ioxilan.
对24只正常Wistar大鼠静脉注射泛影葡胺、碘海醇、碘克沙醇或生理盐水，观察其对大鼠尿液中白蛋白、葡萄糖、钠以及N - 乙酰 - β - D - 氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和L - γ - 谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）的影响，为期7天。在注射泛影葡胺后的头两小时内，所有指标成分均发生显著变化；白蛋白排泄量显著高于注射碘克沙醇和碘海醇后；葡萄糖、LDH和GGT排泄量显著高于注射碘克沙醇后。碘海醇和碘克沙醇导致的白蛋白、LDH和GGT排泄量高于生理盐水。碘海醇还使葡萄糖和钠水平升高。碘海醇后的葡萄糖和GGT水平显著高于碘克沙醇。高渗和低渗造影剂均可导致暂时性肾小球和肾小管损伤。尿液指标成分受泛影葡胺影响最大，受碘海醇影响较小，受碘克沙醇影响最小。
