State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Cell Prolif. 2021 Jul;54(7):e13075. doi: 10.1111/cpr.13075. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
Oestrogen deficiency is an aetiological factor of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), which not only decreases bone density in vertebrae and long bone but also aggravates inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Recent evidence has suggested the critical role of gut microbiota in osteoimmunology and its influence on bone metabolisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of probiotics on alveolar bone loss under oestrogen-deficient condition.
Inflammatory alveolar bone loss was established in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and rats were daily intragastrically administered with probiotics until sacrifice. Gut microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, systemic immune status and alveolar bone loss were assessed to reveal the underlying correlation between gut microbiota and bone metabolisms.
We found administration of probiotics significantly prevented inflammatory alveolar bone resorption in OVX rats. By enriching butyrate-producing genera and enhancing gut butyrate production, probiotics improved intestinal barrier and decreased gut permeability in the OVX rats. Furthermore, the oestrogen deprivation-induced inflammatory responses were suppressed in probiotics-treated OVX rats, as reflected by reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and a balanced distribution of CD4 IL-17A Th17 cells and CD4 CD25 Foxp3 Treg cells in the bone marrow.
This study demonstrated that probiotics can effectively attenuate alveolar bone loss by modulating gut microbiota and further regulating osteoimmune response and thus represent a promising adjuvant in the treatment of alveolar bone loss under oestrogen deficiency.
雌激素缺乏是绝经后骨质疏松症（PMO）的病因之一，它不仅会降低椎体和长骨的骨密度，还会加重炎症性牙槽骨丢失。最近的证据表明，肠道微生物群在骨免疫学中的关键作用及其对骨代谢的影响。本研究旨在评估益生菌在雌激素缺乏条件下对牙槽骨丢失的治疗作用。
在去卵巢（OVX）大鼠中建立炎症性牙槽骨丢失模型，并每天对大鼠进行益生菌胃内给药，直至处死。评估肠道微生物群组成、肠道通透性、全身免疫状态和牙槽骨丢失，以揭示肠道微生物群与骨代谢之间的潜在相关性。
我们发现益生菌的给药显著预防了 OVX 大鼠的炎症性牙槽骨吸收。通过富集产生丁酸盐的属和增强肠道丁酸盐产生，益生菌改善了 OVX 大鼠的肠道屏障并降低了肠道通透性。此外，益生菌治疗的 OVX 大鼠中雌激素剥夺诱导的炎症反应受到抑制，反映为血清中炎症细胞因子水平降低，以及骨髓中 CD4 IL-17A Th17 细胞和 CD4 CD25 Foxp3 Treg 细胞的平衡分布。
本研究表明，益生菌通过调节肠道微生物群有效减轻牙槽骨丢失，并进一步调节骨免疫反应，因此代表了雌激素缺乏性牙槽骨丢失治疗的一种有前途的辅助手段。
