Lyu Yifan, Peng Ruizi, Liu Hui, Kuai Hailan, Mo Liuting, Han Da, Li Juan, Tan Weihong
Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China.
Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China.
Chem Sci. 2019 Dec 19;11(3):631-642. doi: 10.1039/c9sc05043d.
As the smallest unit of life, cells attract interest due to their structural complexity and functional reliability. Protocells assembled by inanimate components are created as an artificial entity to mimic the structure and some essential properties of a natural cell, and artificial reaction networks are used to program the functions of protocells. Although the bottom-up construction of a protocell that can be considered truly 'alive' is still an ambitious goal, these man-made constructs with a certain degree of 'liveness' can offer effective tools to understand fundamental processes of cellular life, and have paved the new way for bionic applications. In this review, we highlight both the milestones and recent progress of protocells programmed by artificial reaction networks, including genetic circuits, enzyme-assisted non-genetic circuits, prebiotic mimicking reaction networks, and DNA dynamic circuits. Challenges and opportunities have also been discussed.
作为生命的最小单位，细胞因其结构复杂性和功能可靠性而备受关注。由无生命成分组装而成的原细胞是作为一种人造实体而创建的，用于模拟天然细胞的结构和一些基本特性，并且利用人工反应网络对原细胞的功能进行编程。尽管构建一个可被视为真正“有生命”的原细胞这一自下而上的目标仍然雄心勃勃，但这些具有一定程度“活性”的人造结构能够为理解细胞生命的基本过程提供有效的工具，并且为仿生应用开辟了新途径。在本综述中，我们着重介绍了由人工反应网络编程的原细胞的里程碑和近期进展，包括遗传回路、酶辅助非遗传回路、益生元模拟反应网络以及DNA动态回路。同时也讨论了面临的挑战和机遇。
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