Denham-Jones Laura, Gaskell Lynne, Spence Nicola
University of Salford, School of Health & Society Mary Seacole Building, Frederick Road Campus, UK.
Musculoskeletal Care. 2022 Mar;20(1):47-73. doi: 10.1002/msc.1576. Epub 2021 Jun 14.
Exercise interventions suitable for older adults can help to slow and manage age-related conditions. This systematic review looks at age-related musculoskeletal conditions in a population with a mean age over 50 years, evaluating the effectiveness of yoga for pain, physical function, and quality of life.
CENTRAL,CINAHL, Pubmed, PsycInfo, SCOPUS, Sports Discus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar were searched. Study selection and quality screening using the Cochrane risk of bias tool were conducted by two reviewers to mitigate bias. PRISMA guidelines were followed in conducting and reporting the review.
11 studies met inclusion criteria with a total sample of 2221 (≥70% female). Eight studies measured pain, six showing significant effectiveness (p=≤0.05), for lower limb osteoarthritis (OA), hand OA, and neck pain. Nine studies measured physical function, four showing significant effects, for lower limb OA and sarcopenia. Significant quality of life effects were found for restless leg syndrome compared to baseline.
Moderate evidence was found for pain effects, generalisable for OA based on sub-group analysis. Effective trials were mostly short-term using at minimum one 60-min group class, and an average of four 30-min home practice sessions weekly. Findings support the use of props and modifications to address age-related physical limitations. Yoga was well-received with good adherence, but effects on a par with other exercise. There was an absence of quality of life effects in short term. Mixed methods studies could lead to further insight into the qualitative aspects of yoga practice for older adults.
适合老年人的运动干预有助于减缓并控制与年龄相关的病症。本系统评价着眼于平均年龄超过50岁人群中与年龄相关的肌肉骨骼病症，评估瑜伽对疼痛、身体功能和生活质量的有效性。
检索了CENTRAL、CINAHL、Pubmed、PsycInfo、SCOPUS、Sports Discus、科学引文索引核心合集和谷歌学术。由两名评审员使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具进行研究选择和质量筛选，以减少偏倚。在进行和报告评价时遵循PRISMA指南。
11项研究符合纳入标准，总样本量为2221例（女性≥70%）。8项研究测量了疼痛，其中6项对下肢骨关节炎（OA）、手部OA和颈部疼痛显示出显著效果（p≤0.05）。9项研究测量了身体功能，其中4项对下肢OA和肌肉减少症显示出显著效果。与基线相比，发现不安腿综合征的生活质量有显著改善。
基于亚组分析，发现有中等证据支持瑜伽对疼痛的效果，且可推广至骨关节炎。有效的试验大多为短期，至少使用一次60分钟的团体课程，平均每周进行四次30分钟的家庭练习。研究结果支持使用辅助工具和调整动作以解决与年龄相关的身体限制。瑜伽受到广泛欢迎且依从性良好，但效果与其他运动相当。短期内未发现对生活质量有影响。混合方法研究可能会进一步深入了解老年人瑜伽练习的定性方面。
