Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, 14801-970, Brazil.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2021 Oct;413(24):6141-6157. doi: 10.1007/s00216-021-03461-x. Epub 2021 Jun 23.
Magnetic particles, as well as molecularly imprinted polymers, have revolutionized separation and bioanalytical methodologies in the 1980s due to their wide range of applications. Today, biologically modified magnetic particles are used in many scientific and technological applications and are integrated in more than 50,000 diagnostic instruments for the detection of a huge range of analytes. However, the main drawback of this material is their stability and high cost. In this work, we review recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of hybrid molecularly imprinted polymers with magnetic properties, as a cheaper and robust alternative for the well-known biologically modified magnetic particles. The main advantages of these materials are, besides the magnetic properties, the possibility to be stored at room temperature without any loss in the activity. Among all the applications, this work reviews the direct detection of electroactive analytes based on the preconcentration by using magnetic-MIP integrated on magneto-actuated electrodes, including food safety, environmental monitoring, and clinical and pharmaceutical analysis. The main features of these electrochemical sensors, including their analytical performance, are summarized. This simple and rapid method will open the way to incorporate this material in different magneto-actuated devices with no need for extensive sample pretreatment and sophisticated instruments.
磁性粒子以及分子印迹聚合物由于其广泛的应用，在 20 世纪 80 年代彻底改变了分离和生物分析方法。如今，经过生物修饰的磁性粒子被应用于许多科学和技术领域，并集成在超过 50000 种用于检测各种分析物的诊断仪器中。然而，这种材料的主要缺点是其稳定性和高成本。在这项工作中，我们综述了具有磁性的杂化分子印迹聚合物的合成和特性方面的最新进展，这是一种更廉价、更稳健的替代方案，可替代众所周知的经过生物修饰的磁性粒子。除了磁性之外，这些材料的主要优点是可以在室温下储存而不会降低其活性。在所有应用中，本文综述了基于使用磁性分子印迹聚合物的磁驱动电极进行预浓缩的直接检测电活性分析物的方法，包括食品安全、环境监测以及临床和药物分析。总结了这些电化学传感器的主要特点，包括它们的分析性能。这种简单快速的方法将为将这种材料应用于不同的磁驱动设备开辟道路，而无需进行广泛的样品预处理和使用复杂的仪器。
