Department of Molecular Microbiology, National Medicines Institute, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, The National Reference Centre for Susceptibility Testing, National Medicines Institute, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2021 Aug 12;76(9):2273-2284. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab188.
To identify key factors of the expansion of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MPPA) in Poland, focusing on the role of clonal epidemic(s).
MPPA isolates were typed by PFGE, followed by MLST. blaVIM/IMP MBL genes were amplified and sequenced within class 1 integrons. Their location was assessed by S1 nuclease-hybridization assays. Short-read WGS was performed, and genomes were subjected to SNP-based phylogenetic and resistome analyses.
Of 1314 MPPA isolates collected in 2005-15 from 212 hospitals, 454 representatives were selected. The isolates belonged to 120 pulsotypes and 52 STs, of which ST235 (∼31%), ST111 (∼17%), ST273 (∼16%) and ST654 (∼9%) prevailed, followed by ST244, ST17, ST395, ST175 and ST1567. The isolates produced seven VIM variants (97.5%) and four IMPs encoded by 46 integrons, most of which were observed only or mainly in Poland. Around 60% of the isolates resulted from (inter)regional clonal outbreaks of 10 individual ST235, ST111, ST273 and ST654 genotypes. The phylogenetic analysis of 163 genomes revealed heterogeneity of ST235 and ST111 populations, arising from transnational circulation and on-site differentiation of several clades/branches. Contrarily, ST273 and ST654 formed relatively homogeneous and apparently Poland-specific lineages, and a unique ST273 genotype with integron In249 was the most expansive organism.
Together with a previous report on self-transmissible In461-carrying IncP-2-type plasmids, this study revealed the molecular/genomic background of the rapid MPPA increase in Poland in 2001-15, evidencing multi-clonal spread as its leading factor. Numerous novel/specific MPPA characteristics were identified.
确定波兰产金属β-内酰胺酶（MBL）- 铜绿假单胞菌（MPPA）扩张的关键因素，重点关注克隆流行（s）的作用。
采用 PFGE 对 MPPA 分离株进行分型，然后进行 MLST。在类 1 整合子内扩增和测序 blaVIM/IMP MBL 基因。通过 S1 核酸酶杂交试验评估其位置。进行短读 WGS，并对基因组进行 SNP 基于的系统发育和抗药性分析。
在 2005-15 年间从 212 家医院收集的 1314 株 MPPA 分离株中，选择了 454 株代表株。这些分离株属于 120 个脉冲型和 52 个 ST，其中 ST235（约 31%）、ST111（约 17%）、ST273（约 16%）和 ST654（约 9%）占主导地位，其次是 ST244、ST17、ST395、ST175 和 ST1567。这些分离株产生了七种 VIM 变体（97.5%）和 46 个整合子编码的四种 IMP，其中大多数仅或主要在波兰观察到。大约 60%的分离株是由 10 个个体 ST235、ST111、ST273 和 ST654 基因型的（间）区域克隆暴发引起的。对 163 个基因组的系统发育分析表明，ST235 和 ST111 群体的异质性源于几个分支/分支的跨国循环和现场分化。相反，ST273 和 ST654 形成相对同质且显然是波兰特有的谱系，并且携带 In249 的独特 ST273 基因型是最具扩展性的生物体。
结合之前关于自我传播的携带 In461 的 IncP-2 型质粒的报告，本研究揭示了 2001-15 年间波兰 MPPA 快速增加的分子/基因组背景，证明多克隆传播是其主要因素。确定了许多新的/特定的 MPPA 特征。
