Borges Elisabete Maria das Neves, Queirós Cristina Maria Leite, Abreu Margarida da Silva Neves de, Mosteiro-Diaz Maria Pilar, Baldonedo-Mosteiro Maria, Baptista Patrícia Campos Pavan, Felli Vanda Elisa Andres, Almeida Miriam Cristina Dos Santos, Silva Silmar Maria
Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, CINTESIS, Porto, Portugal.
Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Porto, Portugal.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2021 Jun 28;29:e3432. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.4320.3432. eCollection 2021.
to identify and compare burnout levels between Portuguese, Spanish and Brazilian nurses.
quantitative, descriptive, correlational, comparative and cross-sectional study conducted using a sample of 1,052 nurses working in hospitals and primary care centers. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to nurses in Porto, Portugal (n=306), Oviedo, Spain (n=269) and S. Paulo, Brazil (n=477). Data analysis was performed using descriptive, inferential and multivariate analysis.
approximately 42% of the nurses showed moderate/high levels of burnout, with no differences found between countries (Portugal and Brazil 42%, Spain 43%). Only depersonalization showed differences between countries, presenting Spain the highest level and Portugal the lowest one. Comparative analysis showed higher burnout levels in young nurses and those working by shifts. Considering job schedules, burnout was associated to shift work in Portugal, while in Spain and Brazil it was associated with fixed schedules.
these results suggest that this syndrome among nurses is a global phenomenon. The daily stressors and higher demands of the nursing profession are crucial in the preparation of nurses to deal with complex situations, to avoid burnout, and to reduce the negative impact on nurses' health and on the quality of care they provide.
识别并比较葡萄牙、西班牙和巴西护士的职业倦怠水平。
采用定量、描述性、相关性、比较性和横断面研究，样本为1052名在医院和初级保健中心工作的护士。对葡萄牙波尔图（n = 306）、西班牙奥维耶多（n = 269）和巴西圣保罗（n = 477）的护士进行了社会人口学问卷调查和马氏职业倦怠量表测试。数据分析采用描述性、推断性和多变量分析。
约42%的护士表现出中度/高度职业倦怠，各国之间无差异（葡萄牙和巴西为42%，西班牙为43%）。仅去个性化在各国之间存在差异，西班牙水平最高，葡萄牙最低。比较分析显示年轻护士和轮班工作的护士职业倦怠水平较高。考虑工作时间表，在葡萄牙，职业倦怠与轮班工作有关，而在西班牙和巴西，它与固定时间表有关。
这些结果表明，护士中的这种综合征是一种全球现象。护理职业的日常压力源和更高要求对于护士应对复杂情况、避免职业倦怠以及减少对护士健康和他们所提供护理质量的负面影响至关重要。
