College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 5;26(11):3438. doi: 10.3390/molecules26113438.
Harmful fungi in nature not only cause diseases in plants, but also fungal infection and poisoning when people and animals eat food derived from crops contaminated with them. Unfortunately, such fungi are becoming increasingly more resistant to traditional synthetic antifungal drugs, which can make prevention and control work increasingly more difficult to achieve. This means they are potentially very harmful to human health and lifestyle. Antifungal peptides are natural substances produced by organisms to defend themselves against harmful fungi. As a result, they have become an important research object to help deal with harmful fungi and overcome their drug resistance. Moreover, they are expected to be developed into new therapeutic drugs against drug-resistant fungi in clinical application. This review focuses on antifungal peptides that have been isolated from bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms to date. Their antifungal activity and factors affecting it are outlined in terms of their antibacterial spectra and effects. The toxic effects of the antifungal peptides and their common solutions are mentioned. The mechanisms of action of the antifungal peptides are described according to their action pathways. The work provides a useful reference for further clinical research and the development of safe antifungal drugs that have high efficiencies and broad application spectra.
自然界中的有害真菌不仅会导致植物患病，而且当人和动物食用被污染的作物衍生的食物时，还会引发真菌感染和中毒。不幸的是，这些真菌对传统的合成抗真菌药物的耐药性越来越强，这使得预防和控制工作越来越难以实现。这意味着它们对人类健康和生活方式可能具有潜在的极大危害。抗真菌肽是生物体为防御有害真菌而产生的天然物质。因此，它们已成为研究的重要对象，有助于对抗有害真菌并克服其耐药性。此外，它们有望开发成临床应用中针对耐药真菌的新型治疗药物。本文综述了迄今为止从细菌、真菌和其他微生物中分离出的抗真菌肽。根据其抗菌谱和作用方式概述了它们的抗真菌活性及其影响因素。还提到了抗真菌肽的毒性作用及其常见的解决方案。根据其作用途径描述了抗真菌肽的作用机制。这项工作为进一步的临床研究和开发高效、广谱应用的安全抗真菌药物提供了有益的参考。
