Samarina Lidia S, Malyarovskaya Valentina I, Reim Stefanie, Yakushina Lyudmila G, Koninskaya Natalia G, Klemeshova Kristina V, Shkhalakhova Ruset M, Matskiv Alexandra O, Shurkina Ekaterina S, Gabueva Tatiana Y, Slepchenko Natalia A, Ryndin Alexey V
Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 354002 Sochi, Russia.
Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, 01326 Dresden, Germany.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jun 27;10(7):1302. doi: 10.3390/plants10071302.
Characterization of genetic diversity in germplasm collections requires an efficient set of molecular markers. We assessed the efficiency of 36 new SCoT markers, 10 new ISSR markers, and 5 microsatellites for the characterization of genetic diversity in chrysanthemum core collection of 95 accessions (Russian and foreign cultivars). Seven new SCoT (SCoT12, 20, 21, 23, 29, 31, 34) and six new ISSR markers ((GA)8T, (CT)8G, (CTTCA)3, (GGAGA)3, (TC)8C, (CT)8TG) were efficient for the genetic diversity analysis in × collection. After STRUCTURE analysis, most Russian cultivars showed 20-50% of genetic admixtures of the foreign cultivars. Neighbor joining analysis based on the combination of SSR, ISSR, and SCoT data showed the best accordance with phenotype and origin compared to the separate analysis by each marker type. The position of the accessions within the phylogenetic tree corresponded with the origin and with some important traits, namely, plant height, stem and peduncle thickness, inflorescence type, composite flower and floret types, flower color, and disc color. In addition, several SCoT markers were suitable to separate the groups distinctly by the phenotypical traits such as plant height (SCoT29, SCoT34), thickness of the stem and peduncle (SCoT31, SCoT34), and leaf size and the floret type (SCoT31). These results provide new findings for the selection of markers associated with important traits in Chrysanthemum for trait-oriented breeding and germplasm characterization.
种质资源库中遗传多样性的表征需要一套高效的分子标记。我们评估了36个新的SCoT标记、10个新的ISSR标记和5个微卫星标记对95份菊花核心种质（俄罗斯和国外品种）遗传多样性的表征能力。7个新的SCoT标记（SCoT12、20、21、23、29、31、34）和6个新的ISSR标记（(GA)8T、(CT)8G、(CTTCA)3、(GGAGA)3、(TC)8C、(CT)8TG）对该种质资源库的遗传多样性分析有效。经过STRUCTURE分析，大多数俄罗斯品种显示出20%-50%的国外品种遗传混合。基于SSR、ISSR和SCoT数据组合的邻接法分析与每种标记类型单独分析相比，与表型和起源的一致性最好。系统发育树中种质的位置与起源以及一些重要性状相对应，即株高、茎和花茎厚度、花序类型、复合花和小花类型、花色和花盘颜色。此外，几个SCoT标记适合根据株高（SCoT29、SCoT34）、茎和花茎厚度（SCoT31、SCoT34）以及叶片大小和小花类型（SCoT31）等表型性状清晰地区分群体。这些结果为选择与菊花重要性状相关的标记提供了新的发现，用于定向育种和种质表征。
