Alegun Olaniyi, Pandeya Ankit, Cui Jian, Ojo Isoiza, Wei Yinan
Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Jun 11;10(6):701. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10060701.
The cell envelope structure of Gram-negative bacteria is unique, composed of two lipid bilayer membranes and an aqueous periplasmic space sandwiched in between. The outer membrane constitutes an extra barrier to limit the exchange of molecules between the cells and the exterior environment. Donnan potential is a membrane potential across the outer membrane, resulted from the selective permeability of the membrane, which plays a pivotal role in the permeability of many antibiotics. In this review, we discussed factors that affect the intensity of the Donnan potential, including the osmotic strength and pH of the external media, the osmoregulated periplasmic glucans trapped in the periplasmic space, and the displacement of cell surface charges. The focus of our discussion is the impact of Donnan potential on the cellular permeability of selected antibiotics including fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, β-lactams, and trimethoprim.
革兰氏阴性菌的细胞包膜结构独特，由两个脂质双分子层膜和夹在中间的水性周质空间组成。外膜构成了一个额外的屏障，限制细胞与外部环境之间的分子交换。唐南电位是跨外膜的膜电位，由膜的选择性通透性产生，它在许多抗生素的通透性中起关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了影响唐南电位强度的因素，包括外部介质的渗透压和pH值、被困在周质空间中的渗透调节周质葡聚糖以及细胞表面电荷的位移。我们讨论的重点是唐南电位对包括氟喹诺酮类、四环素类、β-内酰胺类和甲氧苄啶在内的选定抗生素的细胞通透性的影响。
