Beheshti F, Shabani A A, Akbari Eidgahi M R, Kookhaei P, Vazirian M, Safavi M
Research Center of Biotechnology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 009823, Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 009823, Iran.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Jun 7;2021:6666567. doi: 10.1155/2021/6666567. eCollection 2021.
Cancer is a leading cause of death and a vital health care challenge in the world. Hence, this work was conducted to determine the anticancer property and also the molecular mechanism of aqueous and organic extracts of leaves in three human cancer cell lines, including A-549 (human lung cancer), HepG-2 (human liver cancer), MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer), and MCF-10A (breast normal cell line). cytotoxic potential of organic extracts, such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, methanol, and aqueous extract was examined using a standard (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT method in both monolayer two-dimensional (2D) and spheroids multicellular three-dimensional (3D) cultures. The MTT assay data showed that methanol and chloroform extracts of leaves had the antiproliferative effect on lung and breast cancer cells with IC of 53.62 ± 0.07 and 124.5 ± 0.01 g/mL, respectively. The results of further examinations, such as dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide, Annexin V-FITC/PI, and caspase-3 colorimetric assay, confirmed that methanol and chloroform extracts of as the most potent cytotoxic extracts might contain a variety of phytochemicals, promoting apoptosis in lung and breast cancer cells. The present research findings suggested that methanolic extract of leaves induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in A-549 lung cancer cells. The study further showed that could be a helpful candidate for cancer treatment.
癌症是全球主要的死亡原因和重大的医疗保健挑战。因此，开展本研究以确定叶的水提取物和有机提取物对三种人类癌细胞系（包括A-549（人肺癌细胞）、HepG-2（人肝癌细胞）、MDA-MB-231（人乳腺癌细胞）和MCF-10A（乳腺正常细胞系））的抗癌特性及其分子机制。使用标准的（3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）MTT法在单层二维（2D）和球体多细胞三维（3D）培养中检测了己烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、甲醇等有机提取物以及水提取物的细胞毒性潜力。MTT分析数据表明，叶的甲醇提取物和氯仿提取物对肺癌和乳腺癌细胞具有抗增殖作用，IC50分别为53.62±0.07和124.5±0.01μg/mL。进一步检测（如双吖啶橙/溴化乙锭、膜联蛋白V-FITC/PI和半胱天冬酶-3比色法）的结果证实，作为最有效的细胞毒性提取物，叶的甲醇提取物和氯仿提取物可能含有多种植物化学物质，可促进肺癌和乳腺癌细胞凋亡。本研究结果表明，叶的甲醇提取物可诱导A-549肺癌细胞的S期细胞周期阻滞和凋亡的内在途径。该研究进一步表明，叶可能是癌症治疗的有益候选物。
