University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
Behav Res Methods. 2022 Feb;54(1):435-443. doi: 10.3758/s13428-021-01631-4. Epub 2021 Jul 8.
Post-error slowing is one of the most widely employed measures to study cognitive and behavioral consequences of error commission. Several methods have been proposed to quantify the post-error slowing effect, and we discuss two main methods: The traditional method of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to response times of correct trials that follow another correct trial, and a more recent proposal of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to the corresponding correct pre-error trials. Based on thorough re-analyses of two datasets, we argue that the latter method provides an inflated estimate by also capturing the (partially) independent effect of pre-error speeding. We propose two solutions for improving the assessment of human error processing, both of which highlight the importance of distinguishing between initial pre-error speeding and later post-error slowing.
后误差减速是研究错误发生后认知和行为后果最广泛采用的方法之一。已经提出了几种量化后误差减速效应的方法，我们讨论其中两种主要方法：传统方法是将错误后正确试验中的反应时间与紧随另一个正确试验的正确试验中的反应时间进行比较，以及最近提出的将错误后正确试验中的反应时间与相应的错误前正确试验中的反应时间进行比较的方法。基于对两个数据集的彻底重新分析，我们认为后一种方法通过捕获预错误加速的（部分）独立效应而提供了过高的估计。我们提出了两种改进人类错误处理评估的解决方案，这两种方法都强调了区分初始预错误加速和后期后误差减速的重要性。
