Sharma Amit, Chakraborty Anuja, Jaganathan Bithiah Grace
Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
World J Stem Cells. 2021 Jun 26;13(6):568-593. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i6.568.
The therapeutic value of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of infectious diseases and the repair of disease-induced tissue damage has been explored extensively. MSCs inhibit inflammation, reduce pathogen load and tissue damage encountered during infectious diseases through the secretion of antimicrobial factors for pathogen clearance and they phagocytose certain bacteria themselves. MSCs dampen tissue damage during infection by downregulating the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting the excessive recruitment of neutrophils and proliferation of T cells at the site of injury. MSCs aid in the regeneration of damaged tissue by differentiating into the damaged cell types or by releasing paracrine factors that direct tissue regeneration, differentiation, and wound healing. In this review, we discuss in detail the various mechanisms by which MSCs help combat pathogens, tissue damage associated with infectious diseases, and challenges in utilizing MSCs for therapy.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）在治疗传染病及修复疾病所致组织损伤方面的治疗价值已得到广泛探索。MSCs通过分泌抗菌因子清除病原体，从而抑制炎症、降低传染病期间遇到的病原体负荷和组织损伤，并且它们自身也能吞噬某些细菌。MSCs通过下调促炎细胞因子水平，抑制损伤部位中性粒细胞的过度募集和T细胞的增殖，从而减轻感染期间的组织损伤。MSCs通过分化为受损细胞类型或释放指导组织再生、分化和伤口愈合的旁分泌因子，来帮助受损组织再生。在本综述中，我们详细讨论了MSCs对抗病原体、与传染病相关的组织损伤的各种机制，以及利用MSCs进行治疗所面临的挑战。
