Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Fralin Life Science Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Center for Emerging, Zoonotic, and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Virology. 2021 Oct;562:50-62. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Jul 8.
We describe the isolation and characterization of a novel insect-specific flavivirus (ISFV), tentatively named Aripo virus (ARPV), that was isolated from Psorophora albipes mosquitoes collected in Trinidad. The ARPV genome was determined and phylogenetic analyses showed that it is a dual host associated ISFV, and clusters with the main mosquito-borne flaviviruses. ARPV antigen was significantly cross-reactive with Japanese encephalitis virus serogroup antisera, with significant cross-reactivity to Ilheus and West Nile virus (WNV). Results suggest that ARPV replication is limited to mosquitoes, as it did not replicate in the sandfly, culicoides or vertebrate cell lines tested. We also demonstrated that ARPV is endocytosed into vertebrate cells and is highly immunomodulatory, producing a robust innate immune response despite its inability to replicate in vertebrate systems. We show that prior infection or coinfection with ARPV limits WNV-induced disease in mouse models, likely the result of a robust ARPV-induced type I interferon response.
我们描述了一种新型昆虫特异性黄病毒（ISFV）的分离和特征，暂定名为阿里波病毒（ARPV），该病毒是从特立尼达收集的白纹伊蚊中分离出来的。确定了 ARPV 基因组，系统发育分析表明它是一种双宿主相关的 ISFV，与主要的蚊媒黄病毒聚类在一起。ARPV 抗原与日本脑炎病毒血清群抗血清有明显的交叉反应，与伊莱乌斯病毒和西尼罗河病毒（WNV）也有明显的交叉反应。结果表明，ARPV 的复制仅限于蚊子，因为它不能在沙蝇、库蚊或测试的脊椎动物细胞系中复制。我们还证明，ARPV 被内吞到脊椎动物细胞中，具有很强的免疫调节作用，尽管它不能在脊椎动物系统中复制，但仍能产生强烈的先天免疫反应。我们表明，ARPV 的先前感染或共感染限制了小鼠模型中 WNV 诱导的疾病，可能是由于 ARPV 诱导的 I 型干扰素反应强烈所致。
